--- In Wittrs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "blroadies" <blroadies@...> wrote: > > > --- In Wittrs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "Stuart W. Mirsky" <SWMirsky@> wrote: > > > ...To be a dualist is to suppose there are at least two ontological > basics in the universe, typically mind and matter. > > By onto-basic you mean that one is not reducible to the other, where > "reducible" doesn't preclude that > Yes. Two basic substances, completely different from one another where one doesn't arise from or reduce to the other. > > ...we mean something different by "minds" and "brains" > > that there are two different language games, for example, LW's > distinction between Reason and Cause which he felt Freud had collapsed > and hence providing an incoherent account. > Yes, in part. As you know (I think) we are in agreement as to the need for different language games in different contexts. Where we disagree is that you maintain this distinction carries over to science such that we cannot speak intelligibly about brains being the cause of minds whereas I think we most assuredly can. > but rather an > > > argument for reduction of one to the other. > > Where reduction is shown by explaining a experience ("I'm suddenly > feeling good") by a change in brain chemistry (increase in Serotonin). > > bruce > In some contexts that will make sense. "I took a hit of that hash and man, I'm really buzzed." I didn't decide to be buzzed, I decided to become buzzed by smoking the hash. So the hash or the smoking of it caused the feeling of being buzzed. Similarly, certain interventions in the brain by a doctor may alter one's feeling. So we can speak of physical causation re: minds and it is precisely because we can that we are confronted by this question of explaining the mind's relation to the brain. SWM