Robert Paul wrote: "There's no evidence when Heidegger (to go back to an earlier discussion) said something like 'the tendency is to increasingly see the world in terms of how we use it for our own purposes,' he had empirical grounds for making what looks like an empirical generalization about (our?) beliefs and practices; yet whether there is such a tendency or not doesn't strike me as a philosophical question either." The tendency is not a philosophical question. The philosophical question lies in the matter of whether this understanding constitutes an adequate account of knowledge. Should we be satisfied with the kind of knowledge that informs us a certain amount of water flows through a particular point of the Rhine and how much electricity could be generated from that flow, or is there more to know. Philosophers have been talking about knowledge and these sorts of issues since before Plato so I find it curious why Robert questions its standing as a philosophical problem. Robert concludes: "What makes a problem or question a philosophical problem or question is itself a philosophical question." A point on which we agree. Sincerely, Phil Enns Yogyakarta, Indonesia ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html