I suppose it's expected now that Lawrence will seek to justify an action by referring back to his simplified historical perspective. All too soon, the argument degenerates into a muddled discussion about whose view of history is correct and meanwhile the original point is forgotten. So perhaps Lawrence can forget about how miffed he is and answer a simple point. Is the IDF justified in destroying Lebanon's infrastructure as a means of getting back two prisoners of war? Simon ----- Original Message ----- From: Lawrence Helm To: lit-ideas@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: Tuesday, July 18, 2006 5:25 PM Subject: [lit-ideas] Islam, Israel and the Code of the West LH >> The Christian Crusades were in response to Islamic expansion. OK >*Hardly. The said Muslim expansion took place several centuries earlier. They were, rather, a response to the European conditions of the time including the rise in numbers of dissatisfied nobles who could not inherit, the power dynamics between the European kings and the Pope etc. LH > Not true. The Muslim expansion had not yet silenced the Byzantine Empire and it was calling to the Western Empire for help. LH >>The Byzantine Empire called for help against the Muslims for a couple of hundred years before the Western Church responded with a call for a Crusade. OK >*How did the Roman Empire, or the Byzantine Empire which was one of its offshoots, have more moral right to rule over lands like Palestine, Syria, Egypt, than did the Arabs ? LH: Beats me. This started when Irene said Israel had no moral right to "muscle into" the land they now inhabit. LH >> The Jews were expelled several times, by the Babylonians, Assyrians, and Romans, but they always returned. OK >*Yeah, and by the Byzantines too. Under the Byzantine rule, the Jews were prohibited from settling in Jerusalem. http://www.aish.com/literacy/jewishhistory/Crash_Course_in_Jewish_History_Part_43_-_The_Jews_of_Babylon.asp LH > Anti-Semitism has a long history. I am amazed that in these so-called enlightened times Old Europe is returning to it like a dog to its vomit. LH >> They were there when the Muslims muscled in. OK >That is roughly right. "Under early Arab rule, a Jewish community was reestablished in Jerusalem and flourished in the 8th century." http://www.shalomjerusalem.com/jerusalem/jerusalem3.htm OK > Of course, as we know, when the Crusaders conquered Jerusalem, they celebrated by massacring both Arabs and Jews. LH > I've read histories of this period. No group had a corner on massacres -- unless it was the Islamic Turks. Their ruthlessness was legendary. LH >> I don't have anything against "muscle," only when some accuses the Jews of being unfair, and muscling into a land belonging to poor defenseless Muslims. OK > As I said before, the Muslims did not expel Jews when they conquered the land. The Jews did expel the Muslims. LH: But the Muslims tried very hard to expel the Jews when they conquered the land. I don't see how you can take the Muslim failure and make it into a virtue. How knows what the Jews would have done had the Muslims not tried so hard to expel them. LH I see you have a Ward Churchill problem with the European movement into North America -- muscling into those Indian tribes which had spent their lives muscling each other from place to place. OK >*As usually, you grossly simplify things. The Indian tribes did have limited wars over land, but this is not in any way equivalent to a mass extermination program that was undertaken by the European settlers. LH: There were no programs of mass extermination except in the imaginations of anti-Americans like Ward Churchill. Settlers moving across the West were attacked by Indians who were accustomed to torture and the mistreat prisoners. The settlers reacted with extreme anger and hostility: a clash of civilization occurred that didn't go well for the Indian. The Indian was regularly offered the opportunity to assimilate, and those who did were treated better than the Taliban treated ordinary citizens in pre-liberation Afghanistan. Lawrence