Time to get out the dictionaries. According to mine (the before mentioned MJSQ): "3.5.45 jitter, random, RJ: Jitter that is characterized by a Gaussian distribution and is unbounded." "Because random jitter is practically measured as an RMS value (the same as the standard deviation for a Gaussian distribution), a seemingly small amount of RMS random jitter corresponds to a large peak to peak value. The RMS value for random jitter is multiplied by approximately 14 to result in a peak to peak random jitter value that corresponds to a 10-12 bit error ratio;..." To sum up, RJ is unbounded as the number of edges (aka samples, BER, etc) increases, because the Gaussian distribution is unbounded at an infinite number of samples. =20 In reality RJ is bounded because in a real system, at the grossest level, there's not infinite time nor bandwidth. There are other reasons too, but those are adequate to make the point. This makes the math messy though, so being good engineers we 'ignore' that inconvenient fact. But that's not what I understood the discussion to be about. Awaiting the deluge of 'Out of the Office' messages, -- Mark Randol, RF Evaluation & Application Engineer ON Semiconductor ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.net List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu