With Steve Cameron, I don't want to make this discussion contentious. I am drawing on a logical distinction most of us make quite naturally. For example, in the last few days the public has gained a better understanding of how the decision was made to go to war against Iraq. Does the reliance on faith and prayer as a means of Presidential decision-making identify a specific and direct correlation between American behaviour and the United States of America? That is, does a study of the Bush administration satisfactorily identify the character of the United States of America? Well, it is true that Bush represents a significant proportion of the population and that he continues to have significant support. However, one can legitimately argue that the actions of the Bush administration betray some important aspect of the identity of the United States. One can argue that Bush should be impeached or that he should not be re-elected on the grounds that the decisions he is making run counter to the principles, traditions, convictions, or whatever else comprises the identity of the United States. Put differently, one can identify criteria, from within the tradition of the United States, that serve to evaluate the actions of Bush even when he is acting on behalf of that same tradition. The same applies to the Church. It is possible to argue that specific decisions made by Church authorities were bad decisions according to criteria from within the Church. No particular individual, group of individuals or even tradition can serve as exemplar of the Church. It is true that some priests wore/used swords, that Church authorities actively supported some of the Crusades and the Inquisition, but it is another thing to claim that these actions were true to the identity of the Church. Sincerely, Phil Enns Toronto, ON ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html