The KANSYS, Inc. translator, released into the public domain was Turbo Braille. It, like NFBTRANS is DOS-based, WinTrans is a Windows- front-end for NFBTRANS. Since the NFBTRANS source code was released into the public domain in 1992, Kurzweil converted it into a DLL that ran under Windows, and includes it in K1000. Duxbury, and Mega Dots are the most accurate, but will cost you around $500, each, depending on what options and versions you get. Dave At 08:55 AM 12/17/2004, you wrote: >At 02:49 PM 12/16/2004 -0500, you wrote: >>No idea except to say that programs such as NFBTRANS, Wintrans and K1000 >>do it automatically. >>Whether they abide by the same rules for translating is a good follow-up >>question which I don't have an answer for. > > >Hi. Just for the record, I know that K1000, NFBTrans and Wintrans do all use >the same rules and translation tables. I know that K1000 used to be a version >or two behind the others but I'm not sure now. > >I can tell you for sure that based on my own reading of various newsletters, >each vendor has their own rules. Duxbury, for example, uses completely >different tables than those mentioned above. In the 1980's and 1990's, there >was a company called Raised Dot Computing which got absorbed into Duxbury. >They developed their own translation tables as well. Of course, APH and other >large book producers use their own as well. Also, while I have mentioned >NFBTrans several times, it is not the only free translator. It is the only >free, reliable back-translator I'm aware of though. Several years ago, Kansys >Inc. released everything as freeware, including a Braille translator. I'm >sorry but I don't remember the name of it. I know their screen reader was >Provox. I looked at it once but it didn't back-translate so I lost interest. > >