I find our discussion so far marred by the assumption that we can pass judgment on whether an arranged marriage is a good or bad thing. Surely the essential point here is whether the individuals most directly concerned, the bride and groom, have the right, as individuals, to reject their parents' arrangements. This brings me to Judy's question about legal sanctions. Surely the most appropriate ones are (1) laws prohibiting marriage except by consenting adults, with the age of adulthood equal to that at which other adult rights, to vote, to drink, to serve in the military, etc., are assumed. (2) laws providing shelter for those who wish to excercise their rights under (1) who are in danger of assault, battery or murder by relatives who still believe in things like honor killings. For truly extreme cases, one imagines something along the lines of the Federal Witness Protection Program, in which individuals in need of such assistance are enabled to move away and establish new identities of which those who threaten them are ignorant. An advantage of this approach is that those who find arranged marriage beneficial can enjoy its benefits. Those who prefer to marry for love or not marry at all remain free, as adults, to do whatever they please. -- John McCreery The Word Works, Ltd. 55-13-202 Miyagaya, Nishi-ku Yokohama 220-0006, JAPAN ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html