In a message dated 4/19/2004 3:14:56 AM Eastern Daylight Time, mccreery@xxxxxxx writes: At a level of abstraction so high that the claim is essentially vacuous, of course. The only thing that keeps a psychopath from claiming that he is only resisting cultural invasion is the need for at least one other to share his views. Racism and homophobia are now criminalized because they conflict directly with the proposition that all human individuals should have equal rights to, in Jefferson's words, "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." The terms carry a specific force in this context and this context only. ___________ I wasn't interested in what a particular sociopath claimed about his or her crime. I was interested in our phrasing of the crime, and how we position what is essentially a common human experience--fear of, and violent defense against what is strange or unusual--in little subordinate categories like homophobia or race crime. As for John's claim that racism and homophobia conflicting with the proposition that "all human individuals should have equal rights," that is as at least as vacuous as my statement. All violent crimes deprive people of their rights. Or perhaps John feels that certain violent crimes do not directly conflict with "equal rights" formulations? Eric ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html