Jamie writes "Wal*Mart paid for a $30 million reconstruction of the highway on and off-ramps to accommodate a bridge that would deliver cars directly off the highway and INTO their parking lot....thereby destroying traffic flow into the stores and plazas that occupied the area now located UNDER the bridge." Yep. This is a very reasonable tactic to compete that is impossible to perform unless you have sufficient capital. When your net income is on the order of 4 BILLION dollars, then dropping thirty million dollars as a bribe^H^H^H^H^H incentive to local government for a project that greases the wheels for you is pretty trivial. If I had an income of, say, $40,000, that would be like me buying dinner one night for the local town Selectmen (to the tune of $300). And hey, if that throws other folks out of business -- bonus! Likewise a very common trick is to way-way undercut local business by temporarily running at a loss. When you have a big pile of cash-padding, then you can do this. But really, you don't NEED to run at a loss when you can get your music CDs cheaper than, say, Joe's Record Shop. As you mentioned earlier, Jamie, they can sell v-e-r-y cheaply because they can offer the ZOMG Market Penetration plan in exchange for their v-e-r-y low offer to the supplier. If the supplier can afford to mass-produce their product enough to afford Wal-Mart's deal, great, but if they can't, then they can TRY negotiating, but I doubt it'll do them any good. There's plenty of tin-hattery to go around these days, and I'd warrant that a significant portion of that list was just that, but there's no denying Wal-Mart has created and profits from a retail situation that is NOT a part of a typical competitive atmosphere. Cheers, Edward