On Tue, 5 Dec 2006 10:19:49 -0800, "Carolyn" <marhaven@xxxxxxx> wrote:=20 >Okay....if the higher wither "SLOPES"....onto a "LEVEL back". >OOOPS...that's TWO ANGLES!! . >( slope and level. That would cause a 'junction' ) Hey all, I've thought for awhile about this post and, first considered not sending it at all, and then thought about only sending it privately. After all... I'm only a noob. Who do I think I am participating in any discussion of a Standard with JUDGES and other folks much more knowledgeable than myself. But then I thought, what the hell am I on this list for if not to pick brains and share information? So, here goes... If this post is wrong or out of line, just press delete and/or tell me to go get lost. =46rom the GSDCA Standard: "Topline: The withers are higher than and sloping into the level back. The back is straight, very strongly developed without sag or roach, and relatively short." When I studied canine structure, I was taught that the back (and backline) are totally different from the topline. The topline is made up of several parts running from the ears to the tail: the neck, withers, back, loin and croup. Many would include the tail itself here, depending on breed. In my breed, for example, the tail is supposed to come smoothly off of the topline as almost an extension of it. There shouldn't be any noticeable dips or breaks and the tail shouldn't be held up over the dog (gay). The backline is the specific section of the topline that goes from a point just behind the withers to the beginning of the tail. The actual back itself, on the other hand, starts at that same point just behind the withers and ends at the front junction with the loin. The loin then picks up from there and goes to the junction with the croup. If you have a picture of a dog skeleton handy, these parts can be visualized perhaps a bit more easily. The neck is made up the 7 cervical vertebrae and corresponds to the area from what we call the occiput and running down to the point of the wither, which is the highest part of the backline. The withers is made up of the first 7 of the 13 thoracic vertebrae. The point of the wither is made up of the first 3 which are also the tallest of all the thoracic vertebrae. The last 6 of the thoracic vertebrae form the back, and go roughly to just before the end of the ribcage. The loin is formed by the first 5 (or 6?) of the 7 lumbar vertebrae. The croup (rump) is formed by the last lumbar vertebra(e) combined with the 3 fused vertebrae that make up the sacrum. What we call the set-on of the tail is the area at which the sacrum joins the coccygeal vertebrae: the tail. What I've written here is true, more or less. Some might argue about the exact vertebrae where the various parts begin and end. But you can use this as a general guide -- in this regard, your mileage varies. The reason why we don't see abrupt beginnings and ends (or sharp, distinct angles) to the parts of the topline is due mostly to the amount of muscling that the dog has and the way in which that muscling fills in the topline because how it is attached to the spinal column. Muscling can obviously be affected by such things as exercise and nutrition, but a dog must have the skeleton first and be built correctly in order for the muscles to have a point of attachment. This is why we place so much importance on angulation front and rear. But the topline and the backline really don't have anything to do with angulation. Proper angulation is about the angles created by the bones that make up the forequarters and the hindquarters and the way those parts fit together. If anyone has a copy of Spira's Canine Terminology, do look this up. It's pretty fascinating stuff! ;) Karen C. kmc@xxxxxxxxxxxx "Herding dogs are outstanding in their fields..." ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2006. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - URL temporarily deleted due to AOL issues ============================================================================