> I heard Peter Gordon being interviewed on Science Friday yesterday and I was > at > a loss as to why this was news. "No word, no concept" has always seemed > a no-brainer to me. Aren't words just symbols of concepts? If there's no > symbol, it's a pretty safe bet there's no concept. There are many ideas (or ways of thinking) that often aren't expressed in language. And often, there are ideas that can't be expressed in language. Either they're too complex, or they're the type of ideas that don't lend themselves to being couched in linguistic metaphors. This is very common in computering, because we deal with things that are often based on theories that are often very different from the world of human activities. When developing a new computer project or product, I've noticed that it's very important to get the metaphor right from the very beginning. Adobe Acrobat, for example, made a real mess of their metaphor and it languised for many years, because people didn't understand what a PDF is. It's still really bad: although PDFs are widely used now, nearly all of them are in low resolution, which makes them nearly worthless for printing. The vast majority of users (I'd guess 99.8%) have no idea that they are producing low resolution files, because they think "PDF is installed in my computer, therefore it works", yet Acrobat is not that kind of "just install it and use it" software. Google is another example: yes, it's a search engine, but the way it works, and why it works, is not easy to explain to people who aren't familiar with library science. Google, at heart, is computerized bibliometrics (also called cybermetrics). Yet I seriously doubt that even 1% of the people who bought Google stock a few day ago have even HEARD this word, much less understand it. The astonishing thing about Google is that it makes about a billion dollars per year ($985M last year) on a tool that hardly anyone understands, and which Google simply won't explain. We're familiar with this (concepts that can't be explained in language) in physics: quantum mechanics and relativity are at complete odds with our everyday experience and sense of reality. We "know" that time is the same time everywhere, but in physics, there is no general, universal, standard time. There is only local time, and the rate of time is dependant on local conditions of space. A satellite in orbit runs slightly slower both because it is moving fast and because it is further way from the mass of the Earth. Try explaining that to a born-again Christian who understands the world in terms of shepards and kings. yrs, andreas www.andreas.com ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html