Dear All, Further to the possibility of developing Gary's observations regarding the necessary behaviour of our atmosphere, as far as the H-people would have us believe, Steven obtained the following for me off Compton's "3D World Atlas" CD-ROM (note that there is a video presentation to which the text refers): Wind Patterns This globe represents the seasonal average surface wind speed and direction. At ground level, wind strength and direction vary daily and seasonally. This timelapse shows how seasonal wind patterns influence the climate in various parts of the world. The general trend in the atmosphere is for heat to move from the equator to the poles. Heated by the Sun, warm air at the equator rises and travels high overhead before sinking as it approaches colder, polar regions. Between the equator and poles, there are areas of low pressure (air rising) and of high pressure (air sinking). As the atmosphere tries to relieve that pressure-moving air from areas of high pressure to low pressure zones-winds develop. In addition, since the Earth is spinning, wind currents do not flow directly from the north or south. Instead, they turn clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the southern hemisphere in what is known as the Coriolis effect. In the Atlantic, prevailing westerly winds bring mild, wet weather from the ocean to western Europe. But by the time those winds reach the interior of the continent, they cool and drop heavy winter snowfalls. In North America, strong winds blowing from the Pacific and across the Rockies deposit heavy snowstorms on and east of the mountains. In the tropical and sub-tropical regions, winds blow from east to west, completing the air circulation around the ocean basins. These winds collect moisture off the sea and bring heavy rainfall to the coastlines in these regions, promoting rain forest development. Winds and wind patterns are very important in establishing and maintaining environments on islands and land masses. Together with ocean currents, winds carry the new soil, seeds, water, and animals to populate the newest outposts of life. In the southern hemisphere, strong westerly winds known as the "roaring forties" blow continuously throughout the year because there are no large land masses to block their flow. These fierce winds create a barrier around Antarctica, trapping the wind and frigid temperature patterns at the pole. © 1995 Planetary Visions Ltd. Source: National Center for Atmospheric Research --------------------------------- ALL-NEW Yahoo! Messenger - all new features - even more fun!