Hi Catherine, Obviously, the better-designed the system, the less users need help. Sometimes, some aspects of optimising design cost more but some don't. What amazes me is how little effort goes into the design, when this stage really does not have to cost so much. Aided by the book, Paper Prototyping, by Carolyn Snyder, I created a simple paper prototype of a system we were building. (BTW, paper prototypes are a very engaging tool; users find them really fun.) I tested it on people who knew nothing about the system and was surprised at how they didn't follow the prototype as I expected and were confused by things that seemed obvious to me. The feedback resulted in a better design at very little cost and the new design would not have cost more to implement - not that that was the design ultimately used but that's another story. Jakob Nielsen talks about how useful the "hallway usability" test is - that is, just grabbing someone walking along and testing on them rather than paying thousands for observing people through one-way mirrors etc. - although it does depend on what you're building and sometimes very sophisticated usability is what's required. My feeling (no data I'm afraid) is that what is very useful is the option to look at help on particular functions without having to go anywhere - so a question mark button (or similar) on fields that allows quick, prominent access to help. I think an interesting statistic (from Jakob Nielsen) is that it is expert users who turn to help more. This doesn't surprise me because I find that as a confident software user I will spend a limited amount of time trying to work something out for myself but then will quickly turn to google or a help manual whereas users who are not so confident will tend to think it's too hard and don't have confidence that Help will help them. Regards, Petra Petra Liverani Technical Writer / UX Designer Transport Operations Systems Transport Management Centre Transport Services Transport for NSW T 02 8396 1617 | F 02 8396 7950 | M 0401 023 961 25 Garden St, Eveleigh NSW 2015 Use public transport... plan your trip at transportnsw.info<http://www.transportnsw.info/> ________________________________ From: austechwriter-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:austechwriter-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Catherine Sent: Tuesday, 16 December 2014 7:11 AM To: austechwriter@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: atw: Re: Research on when customers need or want online help or manuals? Hi all, I'm looking for some research that discusses when customers need or want a manual or help file- especially for those dealing with financial systems. If anyone has links for these, can you please share them? I've already been looking at Jacob Nielsen's sites. What I'd like to see is any empirical proof that we need Help or videos or manuals to aid in moving clients through a complex system or a system that involves their money (or any system where they are nervous and the stakes are high). Thanks very much in advance! p.s. I am usually a lurker on this list. I'm a Canadian tech writer with family ties to Melbourne. At one time, I was hoping to move there but have not been able to I still enjoy your list though! Sincerely, Catherine Girczyc Senior Technical Writer Western Union Business Solutions Vancouver, BC, Canada catg@xxxxxxxxx<mailto:catg@xxxxxxxxx> catherine.girczyc@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx<mailto:catherine.girczyc@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx> This email (including any attachments) may contain confidential and/or legally privileged information and is intended only to be read or used by the addressee(s). If you have received this email in error, please notify the sender by return email, delete this email and destroy any copy. Any use, distribution, disclosure or copying of this email by a person who is not the intended recipient is not authorised. Views expressed in this email are those of the individual sender, and are not necessarily the views of Transport for New South Wales, Department of Transport or any other NSW government agency. Transport for NSW and the Department of Transport assume no liability for any loss, damage or other consequence which may arise from opening or using an email or attachment. Please visit us at http://www.transport.nsw.gov.au or http://www.transportnsw.info