link: http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2012/01/07/why-psychiatry-needs-to-scrap-the-dsm-system-an-immodest-proposal/ ... a doctor appealing to a Wittgensteinian idea as grounds to scrap the DSM (a.k.a., book of spells) "The present DSM categories convey the impression that diseases have “necessary and sufficient” features that define them—akin to the Platonic concept of ideal “forms.” A contrasting view is that of the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, who argued that such “essential” definitions do not represent how language actually works. Wittgenstein wrote, instead, of “family resemblances” that help characterize a particular word or category, in a particular context. By analogy, no single feature or features characterize all five members of, say, the Jones family; however, four of the Joneses have blond hair, three of those four have blue eyes, and four are very tall. We can see the “resemblances” when the Joneses stand together for the family photo. Wittgenstein compared family resemblances to the overlapping fibers of a rope—no single fiber is present throughout the rope, but a large number of fibers overlap so as to create a continuous and recognizable object. The same may be posited with respect to any given psychiatric disease category. There may be no single set of “necessary and sufficient conditions” that define schizophrenia or bipolar disorder; but patients who suffer with either illness resemble one another in very characteristic ways. " -------------------------- Wittrs mailing list Wittrs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx http://undergroundwiki.org/mailman/listinfo/wittrs_undergroundwiki.org ** Note: This message was forwarded to Wittrs by the Editorial Board, so that members might enjoy or comment upon it. This is a common practice. If the message came from another list or rss feed, the link(s) should appear above. In such a situation, the original author may not see your reply. Members of Wittrs are encouraged to visit the link(s)that are fed here.