I believe that temperament is hereditary and can be influenced by the environment. I also believe that dogs should not need treats to show nor should it be necessary for "double handling." In SOME dogs, these things give the illusion of soundness, which disguise poor temperaments. In sound dogs, however, these things CAN give the dogs focus and more "up" attitudes. It's a puzzlement: breeders breed them, people buy them and handlers show them, sound or not. But I pity the poor pet owner who cannot handle a poorer temperament. Penny in NC The Farm Dog PS: So glad to hear the demise of Dexter is greatly exaggerated. LOVE THAT DOG! I believe a dog is whelped with their temperament and how they react to various events in their life they deal with it or not matters if the dog is genetically sound at birth. Look at what a police or service dog has to endure, do they become fearful doubt it. I have known several in my lifetime none of these dogs ever became fearful. Yet I see dogs in the show ring backing away from the judge, fearful eyes, tails tucked placing. I do not believe a dog needs treats to show, to prevent bad behavior or accept people. They should be bred with sound minds and not fearful. It doesn't matter how many years a person is a breeder if they don't realize temperament is there from the start. To make this clear I am not replying this to you. The reason there are so many dogs needing rescuing is because they were not bred right to begin with. Most people can not deal with these dogs so they discard them. Not everyone is capable of dealing with fear aggressive yet I see breeders sell these dogs to pet homes. To comment before you think I have bought fear aggressive dogs not so. I look in their eyes and I expect my pup to look in mine with no fear. Have you ever read the book Breeding and Genetics of the Dog by Anne Fitzgerald Paramoure? Theresa On Fri, 9/28/12, InquestGSD@xxxxxxx <InquestGSD@xxxxxxx> wrote: But sound mind? Look at their eyes, the eyes will tell you. Temperament is highly influenced by environment. I have learned this truth working with rescues. Yes, bad temperament can be genetic, no question about that. But not all bad behaved dogs necessarily have bad temperament. Bad attitude, bad manners? Yes. Just my opinion, for what is worth, which is probably very little, since no one asked. But keep it in mind if you enter your dog in my ring. I don't fool around when it comes to temperament, I am just not that quick to place blame regarding it. * Ileana * Love me, love my dogs. ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2011. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Each Author is responsible for the content of his/her post. This group and its administrators are not responsible for the comments or opinions expressed in any post. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://showgsd.org SUBSCRIPTION:http://showgsd.org/mail.html NATIONAL BLOG - http://gsdnational.blogspot.com/ ============================================================================