At 12:31 PM 3/22/2010, Allen Zak wrote: >?? Your mischaracterization of Count Otto is considerably off the >marck ;-) . The Iron Chancellor is universally regarded one of the >preeminent reactionaries of his day, a tough-minded supporter of the >German capitalist/aristocratic ruling class and implacable enemy of >socialism.Every major history of nineteenth century Germany describes Bismarck as a REFORMER. The reactionaries of the time were rigidly opposed to the unification of the Germanies or sought a "Great Germany" under Austrian leadership. Even the relatively leftish professors at Yale touted Bismarck as one of their own, when I studied history in Grad School four decades back.
A "reactionary" is someone who wishes to overturn recent social and political changes and to revert to an earlier situation. Bismarck, to the contrary, wanted to push Germany THROUGH a number of changes so that it would become a completely transformed polity.
And, yes, he "fought" the Socialists -- by buying them off. His successors were not as apt at doing so but, even so, the SPD did not constitute a threat to the German state until the late 1920's, when it became radicalized.
Marc msmall@xxxxxxxxxxxx Cha robh bàs fir gun ghràs fir! --- Rollei List - Post to rollei_list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx - Subscribe at rollei_list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'subscribe' in the subject field OR by logging into www.freelists.org - Unsubscribe at rollei_list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the subject field OR by logging into www.freelists.org - Online, searchable archives are available at //www.freelists.org/archives/rollei_list