In a message dated 4/27/2004 4:26:44 PM Eastern Standard Time, andreas@xxxxxxxxxxx writes: Again it seems to me there is a clear sense in which "a cat", such as my cat Tinka, is an object. Perhaps you can clarify how there is no sense in which a cat is not an 'object'. A cat isn't an object when it is part of an activity or in the background. The subject/object distinction exists only in situations where one is regarding the other. ---- Exactly. Kant would even say a cat is not necessarily an object (Objekt), but a thing (in itself) (Ding An Sich). Singer would say that if you interact with the cat -- subtly enough --, she can become a co-subject (hence depositary of rights). But the thing vs. object vs. subject is perhaps something that goes beyond the Popperian scheme (of things). Cheers, JL ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html