Hi John, It's a matter of personal preference, but I've found that having a mixture of space before and space after works best for me. For my usual text paras, I use 4 pt before and after. For bullets I use 2 pt before and 4 pt after. For headings I use a fair bit more before (depending on heading level) and 6 pt after. These spacings mean I never need to use empty paras to provide required white space - apart from the fact that MSWord doesn't provide space around tables. You might also find that things work better if you check 'Don't use HTML para auto spacing' in Tools\Options\Compatibility. Cheers, Terry From: austechwriter-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:austechwriter-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Dent, John Sent: Thursday, 7 July 2011 12:53 PM To: austechwriter@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: atw: Paragraph spacing Are there guidelines on which paragraph should control separation between paragraphs? For example, should paragraph 1 control spacing after or should paragraph 2 control spacing before? Thanks JD