>What are the methods by which we can reduce the conductor losses at high >frequency?(Loss due to skin effect, Dielectric losses etc.)=20 Dear Sridhar: The PCB losses depend on several factors including frequency, substrate loss tangent, relative dielectric constant, and trace geometries. The mathematical formulae governing PCB conductor and dielectric losses are readily available in SI literature. An insightful approach for anlaysing/minmizing loss is to apply software such as Mathcad, Matlab, HSPICE, HyperLynx, etc. I particularly like HyperLynx for loss analyses because of the flexibility and efficiency it offers. Kind Regards, Abe Riazi ServerWokrs =20 ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.net List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu