> Andreas Ramos wrote: > > "There are plenty of things for which there are no linguistic > expressions, yet they exist." Phil replies: > I agree. What makes you think I don't? Remember, my original claim was > about things like thoughts, meaning, ideas. When you first said: > For there to be Teemu's coffee mug, there must be linguistic expression. I read that as "In order for the coffee mug to exist, there must first be linguistic expression." That means that linguistic expression is a prior condition so that a coffee mug can then exist. I reject that. There can be no linguistic expression at all and yet something can still exist. These kind of wrong statements about language are examples of "coffee mug philosophy". Everyday objects such as coffee mugs and whatever else happens to be on a desktop are deeply embedded in social relations and practices. It's impossible to think of a coffee mug that is isolated from society. This makes it very difficult to have any meaningful discussion about a coffee mug's existence apart from language, culture, expectations, and so on. The Huygens spacecraft that landed on Titan a few days ago could see all sorts of things, but something that definitely could not be there would be a coffee mug, because Titan has no human society that has offices, meetings, Starbucks, and coffee. Go out and collect a teaspoon of pond scum. Put that under a microscope and look. You'll see thousands of squirming things for which you have no name, because you had no idea that it even existed. Some of you may think, but of course I know about parameciums and so on. Yes, a few, but there's tens of thousands of the little buggers. Microscopic life exists without any social context because we're not even aware of it. (Okay, yes, there are indeed microbiologists who have best friends which are monocellular, but whatever.) There are many things that have no names. In fact, the number of things that have no names is far greater than the number of things with names. Point a telescope anywhere at the night sky and you'll see hundreds of galaxies, each with billions and billions of stars, none of which have names, and none will ever have names. But we don't have to go to the microscopic or the astronomical to find examples of unnamed things. Much, if not most, of our personal lives is spent in nameless existence. That's one of the pleasures of reading Proust and such writers; they pluck things out the dark pond of our lives and give names to them, so that we recognize them and can talk about them. yrs, andreas www.andreas.com ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html