... let's do it this way. Imagine two sentences: 1. "The person inside of me thinks." 2. "The brain thinks" Which would Wittgenstein be more hostile to? Quite clearly it would be 1. You don't have a little man in the head. And it is talk like this that confused a good deal of philosophical thinking for a long time. Expression 2, however, only commits a similar kind of sin if it purports to divide one's identity. If one means to say in expression 2, "my brain thinks and I do not" -- then we have some trouble with the grammar. But so long as the grammar of expression 2 does not divide identities, one would merely take it as a reductionist statement of what "I" was when in the mode of "thinking." Hence, so long as the person and the brain are not two separate things in the grammar, there is no problem. Compare: "the car is running" and "the engine is running." In fact, if one's brain does not think, what in God's name can we put in that sentence that would not raise the ire of Wittgenstein? Compare: (a) "My brain doesn't think; my mind does." (b) "My brain doesn't think, my inner self does" (c) "My brain doesn't think, I do" Note that each of these statements purport to divide one's self from the body in some way. One could hurl the charge of metaphysics here. It's not that the "I" or "mind" or "inner self" cannot be usefully deployed in language that is the problem. It is the grammar that tries to extract these notions and juxtapose them against the physical things that ordinarily constitute an integral part of the conditions of assertability for such expressions. Can one talk about an ethereal sort of thing outside of its shell (or inside it) and not face rather serious objections? What I want to say is that the grammar of these terms arise from the way the form of life is experienced. I think a true reading of Wittgenstein sees him against any sort of "identity division" whatsoever. Putting the little man in the head is as problematic as putting him outside the head. Given the way that the form of life is, the person and the brain can only be the same sort of thing -- which means they can only be talked about as if different units of analysis. And so if one says "the brain thinks," and is not dividing identity, it merely means something like, "the person thinks through his thinking-thing." And if one says "use your inner self, not your brain," one can only have this mean something like "use your deepest feelings and not cold logic." Regards. Dr. Sean Wilson, Esq. Assistant Professor Wright State University Redesigned Website: http://seanwilson.org SSRN papers: http://ssrn.com/author=596860 Twitter: http://twitter.com/seanwilsonorg Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/seanwilsonorg New Discussion Group: http://seanwilson.org/wittgenstein.discussion.html ________________________________ From: Glen Sizemore <gmsizemore2@xxxxxxxxx> To: Wittrs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: Sunday, August 30, 2009 12:24:16 PM Subject: [Wittrs] Re: merelogical In particular talking about the brain, or parts of the brain in the same terms that one uses to talk about the whole person (i.e., saying things like the brain decides, or believes, or understands, or sees, or thinks etc. etc. etc. etc. etc. etc.). ... This is obviously absurd. .