My teaching is very similar to what Anne posted. I might suggest some thing for you to try. for those dogs that are reluctant to mouth the item while it is held in the palm of my hand I use an alternative. I hold the item with my finger and thumb so that it projects out from my hand. or I hold the item between my two hands so that the dog has room between the hands to mouth the item without mouthing my hands. I hope you find this helpful... Best Wishes & Wags, Diane & Raven APDT#72225 http://AssistanceDogJournal.net http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Golden_Paw_ADC/ "My Assistance Dog is not my whole life, but she makes my life whole" ~D.L.Shotwell "Until one has loved an animal, a part of one's soul remains unawakened." ~Anatole France All posts are considered copyrighted by the author. You must get permission from the poster before forwarding.