> Is electrical length of a line related to its wavelength and rise time > both ? Yes, Any parameter which is related to the signal rise time Tr can be shown = to be related to signal wavelength, based on following relations: Signal rise time is 5 to 20 percent (or ~ 10%)of clock period T (where = T is reciprocal of frequency F) Then: Tr =3D 0.1 * T=20 Signal velocity V (which is inverse of signal propagation delay Pd ) is product of=20 freqeuncy F and wavelength (Lambda) : V =3D F * Lambda =3D Lambda/T As an example, The length of rising edge given on page 6 of Handbook Of Black Magic is related to rise time by: Length of rising edge =3D Tr/Pd =3D V * Tr It can be shown to be also related to wavelength: Length of rising edge =3D (Lambda/T) * Tr =3D ( Lambda/T ) * 0.1 * T Length of rising edge =3D 0.1 * Lambda Best Regards, Abe Riazi ServerWorks =20 =20 =20 =20 =20 ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List FAQ wiki page is located at: http://si-list.org/wiki/wiki.pl?Si-List_FAQ List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.org List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu