Flanking (grabbing a handful of flank and twisting and or yanking) is what some do to get a dog to react in an "aggressive" manner (supposedly to show "defense") because they do not know how to bring out (or, there is nothing to bring out) the dog's defense drive. I do not know a good evaluator who would do this to a dog. It's not necessary in a good dog, it's pointless to push a dog who is sound and not defensive, it's destructive to a weak dog or too young a dog. All this "prey" and "defense" drive cracks me up...back when I started in schutzhund, both were considered a weak dog's drives, because defense bites out of fear and prey bites only something it perceives as weak. The ONLY drive ever mentioned in a Koer (including GSDCA-WDA Koers), is FIGHT drive. Fight drive is the willingness to overcome adversity time and time again. ;-) Passauf! Rachel & the Ark "The whole question is not only a question of the dog/horse, but quite as much, if not more so, a question of the fitness of the leader." Max v Stephanitz Proud to be an American Working Dog Kennel http://segensreich.homestead.com http://www.workingdog.org ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2004. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://www.showgsd.org ============================================================================