Hey Pat, The other puppies may, but don't necessarily, carry the black recessive. They could have gotten each parent's other gene (the not black gene--you didn't say what color the parents are although I assume they're black and tan since the babies are not sable.) Each parent has two color genes, and each pup inherits one from each parent. If the baby inherits a black and tan from one parent and a black from the other, he'll be black and tan but carry the black recessive. If he inherits black from both parents, he'll BE black. If he inherits a black and tan from each parent, he'll be black and tan, and not carry any other color. According to my understanding of John Ayotte's color research, and he's really the best person to answer this question because he's so knowledgeable on the subject, how dark the pigment is on a black and tan (or sable) has absolutely nuttin' to do with whether or not they carry the black recessive. Although it will be interesting to see what your darker babies vs. lighter babies produce when bred. :) Your four puppies, one black, three black and tan is a PERFECT example of the usual genetic averages. With parents carrying black factor but not being black, chances are 25% of your pups will be black (that's 1 in 4, lol) and 50% will carry black but be black and tan (that's 2 of 4) and 25% (one pup) will be and carry only black and tan. Now that's on average, it has happened that averages are completely skewed in one litter, like flipping a coin and getting 3-4 heads in a row although we KNOW that it's a 50-50 whether you're going to get heads or tails. One litter MIGHT have all 4 of them black, or carrying black, or none at all. Ain't genetics great? :) Congrats on your babies :) Liz in Utah Visit my website at http://hometown.aol.com/rckyiizard/index.html ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2005. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://www.showgsd.org ============================================================================