Trying to summarize a few ideas from this thread so far: Potential efficiencies with multitenant: - fewer background processes (lower process count, lower cpu to the extent that bg proc cause cpu) - more flexible utilization of memory - plug-based upgrades Things not impacted by multitenant: - cpu caused by your app - i/o - workloads on the same server will affect each other Issues: - in recovery, redo for all pdbs is read - questionable whether potential efficiencies above could reduce overall cpu count enough to offset PDB licensing cost === you know i'm thinking more about the cpu thing, and i actually wouldn't look for an awr report where cpu is >10% of cpu count -- i'd look for a database where bg cpu is higher than fg cpu. which could conceivably happen if the fg cpu is very very low. consolidate 50 of those completely idle databases on a single server and suddenly you've got a case where pdb may reduce cpu usage by 50%. kevin - there certainly isn't a problem with memory capacity from the hardware perspective. high-profile projects certainly do get to pick their own hardware. however david's peoplesoft case, for example, may not have a dedicated platform architect on the team and may have to choose their kit from a catalog of internal standardized platforms. and anyway, sure you can attach a TB of ram to a server... but would it be preferable to consolidate a bunch of peoplesoft databases into a single SGA and use a little less memory? from a technical perspective, are there downsides to very large-memory configurations? -J -- http://about.me/jeremy_schneider