[nasional_list] [ppiindia] Indonesia Digest 06.061
- From: "samudjo" <samudjo@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
- To: <ppiindia@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Wed, 1 Mar 2006 07:23:39 +0700
** Forum Nasional Indonesia PPI India Mailing List **
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Indonesia?s complex Issues in a Nutshell
Published by: TBSC-Strategic Communication
No.: 06.06 ? Dated: 28 February 2006
In this issue:
MAIN FEATURE:
Boediono, Coordinating Minister for Economy, upbeat 2006 growth nears 6%
NEWS AND BACKGROUND:
1. Transportation and Tourism:
* Correction: Indonesia won the PATA 2007 Mart
2. Culture, Health and the Environment
* Commemorating International Mother Language Day
* Indonesia culls poultry to break the spread of avian flu
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MAIN FEATURE:
Boediono, Coordinating Minister for Economy, upbeat 2006 growth nears 6%
In the book issued by the Coordinating Ministry for the Economy,
entitled Indonesian Infrastructure Outlook 2006, highly respected
Economic Coordinating Minister ,Boediono, said that unlike other
economists, he remained confident that Indonesia?s economic growth in
2006 will reach 6%, or even 6.1% when supported by more investments,
reports Kompas daily. This is, nonetheless still short of the 6.2%
targeted in the 2006 National Budget.
The 6.1% growth can be reached when closer coordination in policies are
made that include the financial and the monetary sectors, while the real
sector can become more effective, especially in managing aggregate
demand. In 2006 the two main drives of the Indonesian economy are
expected to be investments and domestic consumption.
Investments in the formation of gross permanent capital are expected to
grow by 12.5%, with exports of goods and services growing at 8.5%. With
increased investments, the imports of goods and services, however, is
expected to increase also, at around 11.5%.
Government spending is expected to be substantial at 12%, starting from
the first semester of the year. This spent is expected to drive the
nation?s economic activities, which in turn should increase domestic
spending.
Domestic consumption is expected to grow by 4.5%, whereas, from the side
of production, the agricultural sector is foreseen to rise by 2.3%
fostered by more conducive climatic conditions, while production of
goods in the non-oil sector is expected to increase by 7.8%.
Furthermore, to accelerate First Quarter growth, the national government
will spend some Rp. 10 trillion, this will be further added by some Rp.
11.6 trillions spent by local governments through the General
Allocation Funds, known as DAU.
In investments, in order to reach the targeted 6.1% growth in 2006,
Indonesia needs a total of
Rp. 805.4 trillion. However, since the government can cover only 14.6%
of the needed investments, the remaining 85.4% or equal to Rp. 688.1
trillion must come from private sector investments.
The poor get poorer
In this context, Member of Parliament, Bomer Pasaribu, commented that
government?s economic policy to raise the poor out of its perennial
plight has become minimal, resulting in a widening gap in income among
the population, reports Bisnis Indonesia.
The rich, totaling 20% of Indonesia?s population, absorb more than 40%
of total national per capita income, whereas those with lower income,
constituting 40% of total population absorb a mere 20.8% of national
income, while those in the middle income bracket absorb 31.13%, said
Pasaribu.
Bomer further added that 63% of Indonesia?s total poor population work
in the agricultural sector, 6.4% work in the industrial sector, and 27%
are employed in services, including trade, construction and
transportation.
Meanwhile, IMF predicts that Indonesia?s economy will grow between 4.5%
- 5% this 2006, as investments are expected to grow by 25.5% against
GDP, up from 25.2% in 2005. To further boost investments, the IMF urges
the Indonesian government to offer fiscal stimuli, in particular in the
form of tax reform, which emphasizes more equitable rights between tax
payers and tax officials. Minister for National Planning, Paskah
Suzetta, however, feels that the IMF is being too pessimistic about
Indonesia?s national economic growth.
(Source: Kompas daily, Bisnis Indonesia)
(Tuti Sunario)
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NEWS AND BACKGROUND:
3. Transportation and Tourism:
* Correction: Indonesia to host PATA 2007 Mart
Last week?s article entitled: Indonesia wins 2007 PATA Mart and
Conference, as quoted from Bisnis Indonesia needs correction. In its
news release PATA announced that Indonesia won the 2007 PATA Mart, (not
the Conference). We apologize for the error.
The Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) announced that Bali
(Indonesia) has been selected as the location for one of the world's
leading travel fairs and exhibitions. PATA Travel Mart 2007 (PTM) will
take place at dates yet to be fixed in September/October 2007, reports
balidiscovery.com. Bali hosted PTM in 1985 and 1989 and the 53rd PATA
Annual Conference in 2003, while Jakarta hosted PATA?s Annual
Conferences in 1963 and 1974.
Past Chapter Chairman and Bali Discovery Tours President Director, John
M. Daniels said: "PATA's selection of Bali as the venue for PATA Travel
Mart 2007 represents excellent timing. The event will bring top travel
industry members from around the world to see first hand the enduring
charms of our tropical island and the significant new investment made
over the past few years."
In its announcement, PATA President and CEO, Peter de Jong commented:
"For Indonesia, PTM07 is 'just what the doctor ordered' - a leading,
global travel trade event to remind the travel trade that Bali,
Indonesia is one of the world's great destinations."
De Jong said the Mart was going from "strength-to-strength," building on
its successes of the past two years; Bangkok in 2004 and Kuala Lumpur in
2005. Registrations for PTM06 in Hong Kong are well ahead of schedule.
Founded in 1951, the Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) is the
recognized authority on Asia Pacific travel and tourism. PATA provides
leadership and advocacy to the collective efforts of nearly 100
government, state and city tourism bodies, more than 55 airlines and
cruise lines, and hundreds of travel industry companies. In addition,
thousands of travel professionals belong to dozens of PATA chapters
worldwide.
PATA's mission is to enhance the growth, value and quality of Asia
Pacific travel and tourism for the benefit of its membership. PATA is a
not-for-profit organization.
2. Health, Culture and the Environment
* International Mother Language Day commemorated
Did you know that 21 February is International Mother Language Day?
On Tuesday, 21 February, the Women?s International Club (WIC) together
with the Professionals club, hosted by Bangladesh Ambassador, Mme. Nasim
Firdaus, held a talk to commemorate International Mother Language Day.
Invited speakers were Abdullah Saleh Mbamba, Director of the UN
Information Centre in Jakarta, Ibu Ida Sundari Husen, Dean of the
Faculty of Humanities (Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya) of the University of
Indonesia and former Education Minister, Prof. Fuad Hasan. Present were
members of the Diplomatic Corps and Members of both clubs.
Originated in Canada by an organization known as ?Mother Language lovers
of the World?, the request was then made to the United Nations and
Unesco by the Government of Bangladesh, - as one of the 191 Member State
of the UN, - to recognize the need to preserve the world?s 6000 to 7000
languages, half of which are in danger of extinction.
In response, Unesco created in 1999 a special day, namely the 21
February, especially dedicated to International Mother Language Day,
explains UN Director Saleh Mbamba.
Recognizing that language and culture represent universal values that
strengthen the unity and cohesion of societies, the aim of International
Mother Language Day is to promote the recognition and practice of mother
tongues, particularly minority ones. From the UN perspective,
multilingualism is a cardinal principle of the United Nations, which
should be a source of enrichment rather than discord, continued Saleh
Mbamba.
However, with digital technology now becoming worldwide, the digital
divide and access inequality have become a linguistic inequality, as the
languages used on the Web are not those most widely spoken. For this
reason, this year?s theme is devoted to the topic: ?Multilingualism and
Cyberspace?. Since the UN is concerned with the protection of cultural
and linguistic diversity, the organization wishes to promote language
diversity on the internet as well.
The history and teaching of bahasa Indonesia
Dean Ida Sundari Husen, on her side, focused her talk on the development
of the Indonesian language, and the education and use of languages in
Indonesia. Unlike the history of other countries that have wrested
independence from their colonizers and chosen as their national language
the one spoken by the majority of its population, Indonesia has chosen
as its national language one spoken by a minority, namely the Malay
language of the Riau islands. This is because Malay was considered the
most democratic among the local languages, and was even in the early
1900?s most widely spoken as the lingua franca.
On 28 October 1928, Indonesian youth coming from varied ethnic groups,
religious backgrounds and language groups, one in their fight for
independence from the Dutch, made the Youth Pledge, namely to form one
country, the nation state of Indonesia, - the former Dutch East Indies
archipelago ? and using the one national language, bahasa Indonesia.
This was a radical move for many reasons, firstly Indonesia was still
very much under Dutch colonial rule, and did not become independent
until some two decades later on 17 August 1945, whilst not many people
would have considered the archipelago able to become one unitary nation
because of the wide diversity in cultures and existing disparities.
Secondly, the Javanese were the most populous in numbers, and the
Javanese language was, and still is, one of the most sophisticated
linguistically. Therefore, it would have been the most natural choice to
have made the Javanese language as Indonesia?s national language.
Yet, bahasa Indonesia, which was the commercial language spoken
throughout the coastal regions, was easily adopted as the national
language by all, without any friction. Therefore, Indonesia?s population
today is mostly at least bilingual. The mother tongue is still taught in
schools in the provinces until the third grade of primary school,
whereas the formal, national language of education is now Bahasa
Indonesia.
The situation is different in Jakarta, however, where Indonesians from
all parts of the country have made the capital their home, and,
therefore, here Bahasa Indonesia is the common language taught, although
spoken with a very strong accent and in a particular lingo.
With the arrival of Television and globalization, said Sundari Husen,
the Jakarta style bahasa Indonesia has become the language of the
Indonesian youth, while English became the third language taught.
However, today, as none of the three languages are taught well or
correctly, - not the local language, not bahasa Indonesia, nor English -
the sloppy use of the three languages together sometimes in one sentence
in conversations as well as in the media, result in Indonesians in
general now talking in a language that is, though understandable, most
often wrong grammatically and/or phonetically. Moreover, the media as
well as advertisers are equally guilty in perpetrating such mistakes.
This is now one of the main problems facing the education of languages
in Indonesia, said Sundari Husen.
Prof. Fuad Hasan, on his side, explained that a language can be called
official or the national language, when it is accepted politically, -
meaning used in official documents and debates - , has developed its own
literature, and is used as the media in education. These three criteria
are fulfilled in the use of Bahasa Indonesia, and thus now, though the
language was based on market Malay, the Indonesian language has now
become an autonomous language that is spoken by Indonesia?s entire
population. However, with globalization, English and Mandarin have now
also become necessary languages to master for global interaction.
Prof. Fuad Hasan reminded the audience, however, that language is a
manifestation of culture. Often the use and misuse of language have
caused conflicts, when meanings are differently understood and
interpreted. Therefore the correct learning and use of any language is
vital to convey one?s thoughts precisely.
Every two weeks one Language disappears
Meanwhile, from Paris, Bisnis Indonesia, quoting from Antara reports
that Secretary General of UNESCO, Koichiro Matsura fears that on average
one language disappears every fortnight. ?When one language dies, this
signifies the disappearance of one view of the world, since language is
not only an instrument, but also a powerful tool in structuring our
thoughts, in coordinating our social relations and in fostering our
relations with reality. Language is a basic dimension of mankind? said
Matsura.
At present 72% of Internet sites are in English, 7% in German, and 3%
each in French, Japanese and Spanish. 20% of the world languages do not
have a written version. While, in Africa, where one third of the world?s
languages are spoken, 80% are verbal only, so that the possibility of
their disappearance is very great indeed.
* Indonesia culls poultry to break the spread of avian flu
On Friday 24 February, sweeping for avian flu infected poultry was
undertaken simultaneously throughout the country. Should a chicken,
duck, or bird be found with the flu, then all fowls within the radius of
1 km will be destroyed.
In the capital city Jakarta, veterinary workers combed neigbourhoods,
going from door to door. Here 21 fowls and songbirds were discovered
positive infected with the avian flu. These were four doves and one
songbird in Central Jakarta, 3 chicken and 12 birds in East Jakarta and
1 chicken in West Jakarta. As a result 581 fowls were killed that one
day.
Meanwhile, commenting the death of Indonesia?s 20th avian flu patient,
Health Minister, Siti Fadilah Supari explained, that new cases in humans
will continue to appear as long as fowls and birds are still being
infected. Therefore, the Minister urged to guard a clear separation
between fowls and people, especially in densely populated areas such as
Jakarta. At the moment, many households in Jakarta still rear chicken
and ducks in their yards or keep songbirds and rare birds such as
cockatoos, even eagles as pets.
From Bali it is reported that the Bali government has prohibited the
import of poultry from other islands, including from Java and Sulawesi,
unless attached with clear permission from the regional veterinary
office, for fear that poultry in Bali may be infected.
In anticipation of a pandemic spread of bird flu, the government will
stock 12 million doses of the antivirus medicine, to be distributed to
local clinics and appointed hospitals, to accelerate treatment. It is
known that Tamiflu is effective only when applied within the first 48
hours of infection, while many hospitals wait days before finally
resorting to Tamiflu, by which time medication is too late. 1.5 million
doses of Tamiflu will be supplied by Roche in March, 3.5 million are due
to arrive in April, with another 2 million sent here by September or
October. The balance to be produced domestically. The government has
allocated Rp. 200 billion in the fight against avian flu.
Until today, although many poultry and birds as well as humans have been
infected, the government assures that infection is still among poultry,
or from poultry to humans. No human to human infection has as yet,
thankfully, been detected.
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