JL wrote that my "Kantian extract was 'obscurus per obscurius'." Let me paraphrase. Ideas like 'Self' or 'World' or 'God' are useful because they help unify and organize our experiences, but they don't refer to actual things. We cannot have an experience of ourself, the world or God/Universe, but rather we have experiences that are 'mine', are part of 'the world', and, ultimately, belong to an absolute unity. They are useful illusions that we need because they help us in our pursuit of further understanding. Nevertheless, Kant warns us that we have to remember, regardless of their usefulness, they remain falsehoods. Nietzsche is merely raising the question how the pursuit of Truth can maintain its lofty status given that important parts of our lives revolve around necessary falsehoods. Or, to offer Nietzsche's own words, why don't we privilege usefulness over Truth? Truly me in Indonesia, Phil Enns ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html