I didn't mean to insinuate that I would take a young horses totally unprepared and put him with a breaking horse. I do the ground work. You never know what a horse will do the first time it is put to a carriage, no matter how much preparation you do. If Albert has never had one totally unexpectedly break in two, he is lucky. 99% of the time, everything goes well, but you have to be prepared for that 1% (perhaps it is even less than that). The horse learns it is okay to have something fastened to it and behind it. Then you can proceed with your training however you feel best. Attempting to ground driving with the horse constantly turning towards the driver is teaching what? Every time you work with the horse, it learns something. Wouldn't it be better off learning to go forward quietly? We have not been fortunate to have a breaking HORSE available very often. All our ponies were started with an old pony who taught them the ropes. Only one of our young horses was so lucky. She did exactly what I expected her to do when put with the big horse. She stood there and didn't move. She knew how to drive in long lines well. If I had put her to single, what would my options have been? She HAD to move forward. With the breaking horse, she had no option. He walked on, and she skidded a few steps and then walked with him. I'm not even sure if she had two drives with him, but I had no problems single from then on. Deryn _________________________________________________________ To Unsubscribe, change to Digest or Vacation mode go to: http://www.drivingpairs.com/dpmem.html `````````````````````````````````````````````````````````