Hi Jim, I just want to concur with Francis on the num pad topic. The num pad is absolutely an essential part of the Jaws keyboard commands. It's not optional, at all. Every key on it, in connection with the Insert key at the bottom (0 if you've got the num pad turned on, of course) has a specific function for not just navigating through text, as you may be imagining, but specifically for directing nearly every reading action of Jaws. You operate your PC with Jaws using a combination of the myriad Windows key commands most people aren't aware of in conjunction with the Jaws commands on the num pad. A suggestion: I never took instruction in Jaws, or on computers, from a skilled teacher like Francis. But this is because I had years of experience using a PC with more or less normal sight (now deteriorating continually due to Retinitis Pigmentosa), plus when I got my first version of Jaws, it came with an excellent package of audiotape tutorial cassettes. I think Eric Damery was the instructor. So I put a tape player on the desk beside my keyboard, and went through the tapes methodically, in order, pausing every time I was instructed to try out a particular Jaws action. It was a really well structured tutorial. Yes, it took some hours of concentrated attention, as any skill worth learning does, but I got through it with ease, and it provided me a firm foundation as a beginning Jaws user, ready to learn more as I went, to ask questions on a supportive, informative mailing list forum like this one, and even, eventually, to be able to offer helpful suggestions to others. Now, I think I've heard that a tutorial of some sort is currently provided in another way, either as .mp3 files on the Freedom Scientific site, or using that other reading system they're demonstrating or selling on the site. But I don't know the details. I hope someone here might be able to fill you in on that. There's nothing like a good tutorial. then it becomes a matter of methodical skill acquisition, not random guesswork, which isn't just efficient but more frustration than anyone ought to put himself through. Hope this helps. As Francis says, there aren't dumb questions at all, most especially in this matter. As a professional educator and trainer, Francis knows this truth more deeply than most of us, in fact. You're in good company. ----- Original Message ----- From: "Francis Daniels" <fdaniels@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> To: <jfw@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> Sent: Saturday, September 03, 2005 8:55 AM Subject: Re: length of jaws training Hi Jim, What is that saying? "There are no dumb questions, only the ones you never ask." Something like that. JAWS uses the num pad as a vital way for people to get information about what is happening on the screen, what they just typed, to make sure they did it correctly. Yes, you could drop some commands from the num pad, but it would cost you in extra keystrokes or forgetting what the prompt was. I said before that you cannot teach JAWS in a vacuum. It has to be taught within a context so that the commands make sense. In the same way, it would be really hard to use Windows, or Windows programs, and not use the JAWS-specific keystrokes. For example, you are typing some text for a cool short story you are writing. You want to listen to each word on a line, to make sure you got it correct. You could press Control right arrow to move through the words, using both hands to do this. You could also press Insert right arrow to do the same thing, using just your right hand. Both do the same thing. Which would make it easier? By the way, in the JAWS help, they list control right arrow as the way to move from word to word in Microsoft Word. They've dropped the Insert right arrow function from the help description, even though the command works and is more efficient. Go figure. Almost all the keystrokes for reading text and screen elements are in the num pad. Other listers will certainly add to this, but each application carries with it particulars for how JAWS reads stuff to you. But they all have the num pad in common, to make it easier for you to figure out what is going on and to get going again. I don't know about Kurzweil, as I don't use it. Maybe someone else can handle that. Don't stop asking, Jim. Francis -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- No virus found in this incoming message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. Version: 7.0.344 / Virus Database: 267.10.18/89 - Release Date: 9/2/2005 -- No virus found in this outgoing message. Checked by AVG Anti-Virus. 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