That is a great article. To give it a Canadian context for Devon the summer of
67 was when the hippies congregated in York Ville. They held demonstrations
and sit ins and were hauled off in paddy wagons by the “pigs”. I was working
at a CNIB stand at the old city hall selling cigaretts and chocolate bars near
the cort house and I could hear the hippies singing and chanting as they were
being processsed by the cort.
From: Karen Delzer
Sent: Friday, February 24, 2017 1:40 AM
To: ourplace@xxxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: [ourplace] Re: The Summer of Love
This from Wikipedia may help:
Summer of Love
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For the concurrent "long hot summer" of race riots during the American Civil
Rights Movement, see Long hot summer of 1967. For other uses, see Summer of
Love (disambiguation).
Summer of Love
Spencer Dryden, Marty Balin, and Paul Kantner of Jefferson Airplane performing
at the Fantasy Fair, early June 1967
Date1967
Location Haight-Ashbury, San Francisco
ParticipantsPossibly 100,000 people
The Summer of Love was a social phenomenon that occurred during the summer of
1967, when as many as 100,000 people, mostly young people sporting hippie
fashions of dress and behavior, converged in San Francisco's neighborhood
Haight-Ashbury Although hippies also gathered in many other places in the U.S.,
Canada and Europe, San Francisco was at that time the most publicized location
for hippie fashions. [1] [2]
Hippies, sometimes called flower children, were an eclectic group. Many were
suspicious of the government, rejected consumerist values, and generally
opposed the Vietnam War. A few were interested in politics; others were
concerned more with art (music, painting, poetry in particular) or religious
and meditative practices. [3]
Junction of Haight and Ashbury Streets, San Francisco, celebrated as the
central location of the Summer of Love
Contents
[hide]
a.. 1 Early 1967
b.. 2 Popularization
c.. 3 "San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)"
d.. 4 Event
e.. 5 In London
f.. 6 Use of drugs
g.. 7 Funeral and aftermath
h.. 8 Legacy
a.. 8.1 Second Summer of Love
b.. 8.2 40th anniversary
c.. 8.3 50th anniversary
i.. 9 See also
j.. 10 References
k.. 11 Further reading
l.. 12 External links
Early 1967[ edit]
Inspired by the Beat Generation of authors of the 1950s, who had flourished in
the North Beach area of San Francisco, those who gathered in Haight-Ashbury
during 1967 allegedly rejected the conformist and materialist values of modern
life; there was an emphasis on sharing and community. The Diggers established a
Free Store, and a Free Clinic for medical treatment was started. [4]
The prelude to the Summer of Love was a celebration known as the Human Be-In at
Golden Gate Park on January 14, 1967, which was produced and organized by
artist Michael Bowen [5] [6] [7]
James Rado and Gerome Ragni were in attendance, allegedly helping to inspire
their musical drama Hair. Rado recalled, "There was so much excitement in the
streets and the parks and the hippie areas, and we thought `If we could
transmit this excitement to the stage it would be wonderful....' We hung out
with them and went to their Be-Ins [and] let our hair grow. It was very
important historically, and if we hadn't written it, there'd not be any
examples. You could read about it and see film clips, but you'd never
experience it. We thought, 'This is happening in the streets,' and we wanted to
bring it to the stage.'"
Also at this event, Timothy Leary voiced his phrase, " turn on, tune in, drop
out ". [8]
The event was announced by the Haight-Ashbury's hippie newspaper, the San
Francisco Oracle:
A new concept of celebrations beneath the human underground must emerge,
become conscious, and be shared, so a revolution can be formed with a
renaissance of compassion, awareness, and love, and the revelation of unity for
all mankind. [9]
The gathering of approximately 30,000 people made the Human Be-In publicized
hippie fashions. [10]
The term "Summer of Love" originated with the formation of the Council for the
Summer of Love during the spring of 1967 as a response to the convergence of
young people on the Haight-Ashbury district. The Council was composed of The
Family Dog, The Straight Theatre, The Diggers, The San Francisco Oracle, and
approximately twenty-five other people, who sought to alleviate some of the
problems anticipated from the influx of people expected during the summer. The
Council also assisted the Free Clinic and organized housing, food, sanitation,
music and arts, along with maintaining coordination with local churches and
other social groups. [11]
Popularization[ edit]
The increasing numbers of youth traveling to the Haight-Ashbury district
alarmed the San Francisco authorities, whose public warning was that they would
keep hippies away. Adam Kneeman, a long-time resident of the Haight-Ashbury,
recalls that the police did little to help the hordes of newcomers, much of
which was done by residents of the area. [12]
College and high-school students began streaming into the Haight during the
spring break of 1967 and the local government officials, determined to stop the
influx of young people once schools ended for the summer, unwittingly brought
additional attention to the scene, and a series of articles in local papers
alerted the national media to the hippies' growing numbers. By spring, some
Haight-Ashbury residents responded by forming the Council of the Summer of
Love, giving the event a name. [13]
The mainstream media's coverage of hippie life in the Haight-Ashbury drew the
attention of youth from all over America. Hunter S. Thompson termed the
district "Hashbury" in The New York Times Magazine, and the activities in the
area were reported almost daily. [14]
The event was also reported by the counterculture's own media, particularly the
San Francisco Oracle, the pass-around readership of which is thought to have
exceeded a half-million people that summer. [15]
A demonstrator offers a flower to a military policeman on guard at the Pentagon
during an anti-Vietnam War demonstration, October 1967.
The media's reportage of the "counterculture" included other events in
California, such as the Fantasy Fair and Magic Mountain Music Festival in Marin
County and the Monterey Pop Festival, both during June 1967. At Monterey,
approximately 30,000 people gathered for the first day of the music festival,
with the number increasing to 60,000 on the final day. [16] Additionally, media
coverage of the Monterey Pop Festival facilitated the Summer of Love as large
numbers of hippies traveled to California to hear favorite bands such as The
Who, Grateful Dead, the Animals, Jefferson Airplane, Quicksilver Messenger
Service, The Jimi Hendrix Experience, Otis Redding, The Byrds, and Big Brother
and the Holding Company featuring Janis Joplin [17]
"San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)"[ edit]
Musician John Phillips of the band The Mamas & the Papas wrote the song " San
Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)" for his friend Scott
McKenzie. It served to promote both the Monterey Pop Festival that Phillips was
helping to organize, and to popularize the flower children of San Francisco.
[18] Released on May 13, 1967, the song was an instant success. By the week
ending July 1, 1967, it scored number four on the Billboard Hot 100 in the
United States, where it remained for four consecutive weeks. [19] Meanwhile,
the song scored number one in the United Kingdom and much of Europe. The single
is purported to have sold more than 7 million copies worldwide. [20]
Event[ edit]
Part of a series on
Love
Types of love[show]
a.. Affection
b.. Bonding
c.. Broken heart
d.. Compassionate love
e.. Conjugal love
f.. Courtly love
a.. troubadours
g.. Falling in love
h.. Free love
i.. Friendship
a.. romantic
j.. Interpersonal relationship
k.. Intimacy
l.. Limerence
m.. Love addiction
n.. Love at first sight
o.. Love triangle
p.. Loving-kindness
q.. Lovesickness
r.. Lovestruck
s.. Obsessive love
t.. Passion
u.. Puppy love
v.. Relationship
w.. Self-love
a.. Amour de soi
x.. Unconditional love
y.. Unrequited love
Cultural views[show]
a.. Arabic
a.. Ishq
b.. Chinese
a.. Ren
c.. Greek
a.. words for love
b.. Agape
c.. Eros
d.. Philia
e.. Platonic
f.. Storge
g.. Xenia
d.. Indian
a.. Kama
b.. Bhakti
e.. Jewish
a.. Chesed
f.. Latin
a.. Amore
b.. Charity
c.. Romance
Related [show]
a.. Biological basis
b.. Love letter
c.. Valentine's Day
d.. Philosophy
e.. Religious views
f.. v
g.. t
h.. e
In Manhattan, near the Greenwich Village neighborhood, during a concert in
Tompkins Square Park on Memorial Day of 1967, some police officers asked for
the music's volume to be reduced. [3] In response, some people in the crowd
threw various objects, and thirty-eight arrests ensued. [3] A debate about the
threat of the hippie ensued between Mayor John Lindsay and Police Commissioner
Howard Leary. [3] After this event, Allan Katzman, the editor of the East
Village Other, predicted that 50,000 hippies would enter the area for the
summer. [3]
Double that amount, as many as 100,000 young people from around the world,
flocked to San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district, as well as to nearby
Berkeley and to other San Francisco Bay Area cities, to join in a popularized
version of the hippieism. [21] A Free Clinic was established for free medical
treatment, and a Free Store gave away basic necessities without charge to
anyone who needed them. [22]
The Summer of Love attracted a wide range of people of various ages: teenagers
and college students drawn by their peers and the allure of joining an alleged
cultural utopia; middle-class vacationers; and even partying military personnel
from bases within driving distance. The Haight-Ashbury could not accommodate
this influx of people, and the neighborhood scene quickly deteriorated, with
overcrowding, homelessness, hunger, drug problems, and crime afflicting the
neighborhood. [22]
In London[ edit]
In England, gatherings with a theme similar to that of the Summer of Love
occurred in various places in London. The UFO Club in Tottenham Court Road,
open from December 1966 to October 1967, was a gathering place where
psychedelic musical groups such as Pink Floyd and the Soft Machine played,
accompanied by light shows. Pink Floyd performed their 'Games For May' concert
in May. The 14 Hour Technicolour Dream in the Alexandra Palace on April 29 was
another major event, where amongst others, Pink Floyd, The Crazy World of
Arthur Brown, Soft Machine, The Move, Tomorrow, and The Pretty Things played.
A Legalise Pot Rally was held at Speakers' Corner on 16 July, led by activist
Stephen Abrams, featuring Allen Ginsberg and assorted London policemen.
It was soundtracked by songs such as "A Whiter Shade of Pale" by Procol Harum,
"Itchycoo Park" by the Small Faces, "All You Need Is Love" by the Beatles and
"Hole In My Shoe" by Traffic. The Beatles were a major influence, particularly
by releasing Sgt Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band on June 1. Much of the music
was broadcast by certain radio stations, particularly Radio Caroline and Radio
London, which introduced the DJ John Peel and his Perfumed Garden show.
The events were recorded and promoted by the newspaper International Times,
also known as IT, and the magazine Oz.
Notable graphic artists included Hapshash and the Coloured Coat (who were Nigel
Weymouth and Michael English), The Fool (a Dutch group, endorsed by the
Beatles), and Martin Sharp.
Many of the fashion shops, known as boutiques, such as Granny Takes A Trip,
Hung On You and Dandie Fashions were on or near the Kings Road. These were
where psychedelic clothing, such as kaftans, Victoriana, mini skirts and
everything floral could be found.
Major promoters included John 'Hoppy' Hopkins, who helped establish the
International Times, a hippie newspaper. He established the London Free School
and the UFO psychedelic club and promoted the 14 Hour Technicolor Dream with
Barry Miles, a writer who established the Indica Gallery and Bookshop. Paul
McCartney was particularly vocal in his endorsement of the new fashions.
The establishment was mystified by and frightened of the new fashions, which
were ridiculed by the tabloid press. Some notable arrests included Mick Jagger,
Keith Richards, Robert Fraser and John 'Hoppy' Hopkins. The Times published an
editorial headlined � Who Breaks A Butterfly On A Wheel?� denouncing the
arrest of Mick Jagger and Keith Richard.
Use of drugs[ edit]
Part of a series on
Psychedelia
Arts [show]
a.. Psychedelic art
b.. Algorithmic art
c.. Cyberdelic
d.. Diffraction
e.. Fractal art
f.. Liquid light show
g.. LSD art
h.. Paisley
i.. Phosphene
j.. Psychedelic music
k.. Acid house
l.. Acid jazz
m.. Acid rock
n.. Acid techno
o.. Acid trance
p.. Neo-psychedelia
q.. Peyote song
r.. Psychedelic folk
s.. Psychedelic pop
t.. Psychedelic rock
u.. Psychedelic soul
v.. Psychedelic trance
w.. Space rock
x.. Stoner rock
y.. Trip hop
Psychedelic film
a.. Acid Western
b.. Stoner film
c.. Psychedelic literature
Culture [show]
a.. Counterculture
b.. Counterculture of the 1960s
c.. Drug culture
d.. Entheogen
e.. Hippie
f.. Huichol people
g.. Native American Church
h.. Neo-American Church
i.. Timeline of 1960s counterculture
j.. Trip sitter
Drugs [show]
a.. 25I-NBOMe
b.. 2C-B
c.. Ayahuasca
d.. Cannabis
e.. DMT
f.. Ibogaine
g.. Ketamine
h.. LSD
i.. Mescaline
j.. Peyote
k.. Psilocybin mushrooms
l.. Salvinorin A/Salvia
m.. San Pedro cactus
n.. List of psychedelic drugs
o.. List of psilocybin mushrooms
p.. Psychoactive cactus
Economics [show]
a.. Designer drug
b.. Grow house
c.. Head shop
d.. Illegal drug trade
e.. Smart shop
Effects [show]
a.. Acid trip
b.. Bad trip
c.. Cannabinoid
d.. Dissociative
e.. Empathogen-entactogen
f.. Psychedelic therapy
g.. Serotonergic psychedelic
History [show]
a.. Acid Tests
b.. Albert Hofmann
c.. History of lysergic acid diethylamide
d.. Owsley Stanley
e.. Psychedelic era
f.. Summer of Love
g.. Timothy Leary
h.. William Leonard Pickard
Law[show]
a.. Drug policy of the Netherlands
b.. Drug liberalization
c.. Legality of cannabis
d.. Legal status of psilocybin mushrooms
e.. Legal status of Salvia divinorum
Related topics[show]
a.. Addiction
b.. Cannabis
c.. MDMA
d.. Psychonautics
e.. Prohibition of drugs
f.. Rave
g.. Recreational drug use
h.. Surrealism
i.. Pharmacy and Pharmacology portal
j.. v
k.. t
l.. e
Psychedelic drug use became common. Grateful Dead guitarist Bob Weir commented:
Haight Ashbury was a ghetto of bohemians who wanted to do anything�and we
did but I don't think it has happened since. Yes there was LSD. But Haight
Ashbury was not about drugs. It was about exploration, finding new ways of
expression, being aware of one's existence. [23]
After losing his untenured position as an Instructor on the Psychology Faculty
at Harvard University, Timothy Leary became a major advocate for the
recreational use of psychedelic drugs. [8] After taking psilocybin, a drug
extracted from certain mushrooms that causes effects similar to those of LSD,
Leary endorsed the use of all psychedelics for personal development. He often
invited friends as well as an occasional graduate student to consume such drugs
along with him and colleague Richard Alpert.
On the West Coast, author Ken Kesey, a prior volunteer for a CIA-sponsored LSD
experiment, also advocated the use of the drug. [8] Soon after participating,
he was inspired to write the bestselling novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
[8] Subsequently, after buying an old school bus, painting it with psychedelic
graffiti and attracting a group of similarly-minded individuals he dubbed the
Merry Pranksters, Kesey and his group traveled across the country, often
hosting "acid tests" where they would fill a large container with a diluted low
dose form of the drug and give out diplomas to those who passed their test. [8]
Along with LSD, cannabis was also much used during this period. With the
various all-organic fashions beginning to increase, this drug was even more
appealing than LSD because apart from creating a euphoric high, it was
all-natural as well. However, as a result, crime increased among users because
new laws were subsequently enacted to control the use of both drugs. The users
thereof often had sessions to oppose the laws, including The Human Be-In
referenced above as well as various "smoke-ins" during July and August, [24]
however, their efforts at repeal were unsuccessful.
Funeral and aftermath[ edit]
Mock funeral notice
After many people left at the end of summer to resume their college studies,
those remaining in the Haight wanted to commemorate the conclusion of the
event. A mock funeral entitled "The Death of the Hippie" ceremony was staged on
October 6, 1967, and organizer Mary Kasper explained the intended message: [13]
We wanted to signal that this was the end of it, to stay where you are, bring
the revolution to where you live and don't come here because it's over and done
with. [25]
In New York, the rock musical drama Hair, which told the story of the hippie
counterculture and sexual revolution of the 1960s, began Off-Broadway on
October 17, 1967. [26]
Legacy[ edit]
Second Summer of Love[ edit]
Main article: Second Summer of Love
The "Second Summer of Love" (the term generally refers to the summers of both
1988 and 1989) was a renaissance of acid house music and rave parties in
Britain. The culture supported MDMA use and some LSD use. The art had a
generally psychedelic emotion reminiscent of the 1960s. [27] [28] [29]
40th anniversary[ edit]
During the summer of 2007, San Francisco celebrated the 40th anniversary of the
Summer of Love by holding numerous events around the region, culminating on
September 2, 2007, when over 150,000 people attended the 40th anniversary of
the Summer of Love concert, held in Golden Gate Park in Speedway Meadows. It
was produced by 2b1 Multimedia and the Council of Light. [30] [31]
Bands/Performers included:
Country Joe McDonald, Taj Mahal, Lester Chambers (from Chambers Brothers),
Canned Heat, New Riders of the Purple Sage, Jesse Colin Young (from the
Youngbloods), Jerry Miller Band (from Moby Grape) featuring Tiran Porter and
Dale Ockerman (from the Doobie Brothers) and Fuzzy John Oxendine (from the Sons
of Champlin), Banana (from the Youngbloods), Michael McClure and Ray Manzarek
(from the Doors), San Francisco�s First Family of Rock (TBA), Brian Auger,
Nick Gravenites Band with David LaFlamme, Dickie Peterson of Blue Cheer, Chris
and Lorin of the Rowan Brothers, The Alameda All Stars (from Gregg Allman
band), Brad Jenkins, Terry Haggerty (from the Sons of Champlin), Tony Lindsay
(Santana), Dan Hicks and the Hot Licks, George Michalski � Pete Sears
�Dueling Keys�, Freddie Roulette, Ron Thompson, The Charlatans, Leigh
Stephens (Blue Cheer), Greg Douglass (from Steve Miller), Pete Sears (Jefferson
Starship), Essra Mohawk (from Mothers of Invention), Barry �The Fish�
Melton, All Night Flight featuring David Denny and Steve McCarty (from Steve
Miller), Jack King (from Cold Blood) and Dale Ockerman (from Doobie Brothers),
Merl Saunders (supporting the event), Squid B. Vicious with Buddy Miles, Jim
Post (Friend and Lover, Siegel Schwall Blues Band), David Harris, Fayette
Hauser and the Cockettes, Terence Hallinan (former San Francisco DA), Ruth
Weiss (Beat Poet), Richard Eastman (Marijuana Initiative), Lenore Kandel (Beat
Poet), Paul �Lobster� Wells, Dr Hip (Eugene Schoenfeld), Artie Kornfeld
(Producer of Woodstock), Wavy Gravy, Mouse man (Bagpipes), Leigh Davidson
(Haight Ashbury Free Medical Clinic), Bruce Latimer (Bruce Latimer Show), Rabbi
Joseph Langer, Bruce Barthol (Mime Troupe), Doug Green, Howard Hesseman
(schedule permitting), Benjamin Hernandez (Hearts Hands and Elders), American
Indigenous Peoples, Agnes Pilgrim and 13 Grandmas (schedule permitting), Lakota
War Pony�s, Merle Tendoy (6th generation of Sacagawea) Shonie, Harry
Riverbottom (Chippewa), Chief Sunne Reyna, Iroquois Tribe, Dakota Tribe,
Seminole Tribe, Emmit Powell and the Gospel Elites, and representatives of the
Dalai Lama. [32]
50th anniversary[ edit]
During the summer of 2017, San Francisco plans to celebrate the 50th
anniversary of the Summer of Love by holding numerous events around the region.
These are planned to culminate during October 2017, when more than 150,000
people are expected to attend the 50th anniversary of the Summer of Love
concert in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, and webcast/broadcast worldwide.
For this 50th anniversary event producers 2b1 Multimedia and the Council of
Light are in pre-production, organizing with communities in New York and the UK
to plan for the occasion. To quote the "Council of Light of 1967-2017", "We
call upon the world to celebrate the infinite holiness of Life." [33] [34]
