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Summer of Love
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For the concurrent "long hot summer" of race riots during the
American Civil Rights Movement, see
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_hot_summer_of_1967>Long hot
summer of 1967. For other uses, see
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love_(disambiguation)>Summer
of Love (disambiguation).
Summer of Love
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:KFRC_Fantasy_Fair_Dryden_Balin_Kantner.png>
KFRC Fantasy Fair Dryden Balin Kantner.png
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spencer_Dryden>Spencer Dryden,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marty_Balin>Marty Balin, and
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Kantner>Paul Kantner of Jefferson
Airplane performing at the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantasy_Fair_and_Magic_Mountain_Music_Festival>Fantasy
Fair, early June 1967
Date1967
Location<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haight-Ashbury>Haight-Ashbury,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco>San Francisco
ParticipantsPossibly 100,000 people
The Summer of Love was a social phenomenon that occurred during the
summer of 1967, when as many as 100,000 people, mostly young people
sporting hippie fashions of dress and behavior, converged in
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco>San Francisco's
neighborhood
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haight-Ashbury>Haight-Ashbury.
Although <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippies>hippies also gathered
in many other places in the U.S., Canada and Europe, San Francisco
was at that time the most publicized location for hippie
fashions.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-1>[1]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-2>[2]
Hippies, sometimes called flower children, were an eclectic group.
Many were <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-statism>suspicious of
the government, rejected consumerist values, and generally
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opposition_to_the_U.S._involvement_in_the_Vietnam_War>opposed
the Vietnam War. A few were interested in politics; others were
concerned more with art (music, painting, poetry in particular) or
religious and meditative
practices.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-Hinckley-3>[3]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Junction_of_Haight_and_Ashbury.jpg>
[]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Junction_of_Haight_and_Ashbury.jpg>
Junction of Haight and Ashbury Streets, San Francisco, celebrated as
the central location of the Summer of Love
Contents
[hide]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Early_1967>1 Early 1967
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Popularization>2
Popularization
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#.22San_Francisco_.28Be_Sure_to_Wear_Flowers_in_Your_Hair.29.22>3
"San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)"
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Event>4 Event
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#In_London>5 In London
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Use_of_drugs>6
Use of drugs
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Funeral_and_aftermath>7
Funeral and aftermath
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Legacy>8 Legacy
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Second_Summer_of_Love>8.1
Second Summer of Love
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#40th_anniversary>8.2
40th anniversary
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#50th_anniversary>8.3
50th anniversary
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#See_also>9 See also
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#References>10 References
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#Further_reading>11
Further reading
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#External_links>12
External links
Early
1967[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=1>edit]
Inspired by the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beat_Generation>Beat
Generation of authors of the 1950s, who had flourished in the North
Beach area of San Francisco, those who gathered in Haight-Ashbury
during 1967 allegedly rejected the conformist and materialist values
of modern life; there was an emphasis on sharing and community. The
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diggers_(theater)>Diggers established
a Free Store, and a <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_clinic>Free
Clinic for medical treatment was
started.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-4>[4]
The prelude to the Summer of Love was a celebration known as the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_Be-In>Human Be-In at
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_Gate_Park>Golden Gate Park on
January 14, 1967, which was produced and organized by artist
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Bowen_(artist)>Michael
Bowen.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-5>[5]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-6>[6]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-7>[7]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Rado>James Rado and
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerome_Ragni>Gerome Ragni were in
attendance, allegedly helping to inspire their musical drama
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_(musical)>Hair. Rado recalled,
"There was so much excitement in the streets and the parks and the
hippie areas, and we thought `If we could transmit this excitement to
the stage it would be wonderful....' We hung out with them and went
to their Be-Ins [and] let our hair grow. It was very important
historically, and if we hadn't written it, there'd not be any
examples. You could read about it and see film clips, but you'd never
experience it. We thought, 'This is happening in the streets,' and we
wanted to bring it to the stage.'"
Also at this event,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_Leary>Timothy Leary voiced his
phrase,
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turn_on,_tune_in,_drop_out>turn on,
tune in, drop
out".<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-long_magazine-8>[8]
The event was announced by the Haight-Ashbury's hippie newspaper, the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Oracle>San Francisco Oracle:
A new concept of celebrations beneath the human underground must
emerge, become conscious, and be shared, so a revolution can be
formed with a renaissance of compassion, awareness, and love, and the
revelation of unity for all
mankind.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-9>[9]
The gathering of approximately 30,000 people made the Human Be-In
publicized hippie
fashions.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-10>[10]
The term "Summer of Love" originated with the formation of the
Council for the Summer of Love during the spring of 1967 as a
response to the convergence of young people on the Haight-Ashbury
district. The Council was composed of The Family Dog, The Straight
Theatre, The Diggers, The San Francisco Oracle, and approximately
twenty-five other people, who sought to alleviate some of the
problems anticipated from the influx of people expected during the
summer. The Council also assisted the Free Clinic and organized
housing, food, sanitation, music and arts, along with maintaining
coordination with local churches and other social
groups.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-11>[11]
Popularization[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=2>edit]
The increasing numbers of youth traveling to the Haight-Ashbury
district alarmed the San Francisco authorities, whose public warning
was that they would keep hippies away. Adam Kneeman, a long-time
resident of the Haight-Ashbury, recalls that the police did little to
help the hordes of newcomers, much of which was done by residents of
the area.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-12>[12]
College and high-school students began streaming into the Haight
during the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_break>spring break
of 1967 and the local government officials, determined to stop the
influx of young people once schools ended for the summer, unwittingly
brought additional attention to the scene, and a series of articles
in local papers alerted the national media to the hippies' growing
numbers. By spring, some Haight-Ashbury residents responded by
forming the Council of the Summer of Love, giving the event a
name.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-PBS_timeline-13>[13]
The mainstream media's coverage of hippie life in the Haight-Ashbury
drew the attention of youth from all over America.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter_S._Thompson>Hunter S. Thompson
termed the district "Hashbury" in
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine>The New
York Times Magazine, and the activities in the area were reported
almost daily.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-14>[14]
The event was also reported by the counterculture's own media,
particularly the San Francisco Oracle, the pass-around readership of
which is thought to have exceeded a half-million people that
summer.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-15>[15]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vietnamdem.jpg>
[]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vietnamdem.jpg>
A demonstrator offers a flower to a military policeman on guard at
the Pentagon during an anti-Vietnam War demonstration, October 1967.
The media's reportage of the "counterculture" included other events
in California, such as the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantasy_Fair_and_Magic_Mountain_Music_Festival>Fantasy
Fair and Magic Mountain Music Festival in Marin County and the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterey_Pop_Festival>Monterey Pop
Festival, both during June 1967. At Monterey, approximately 30,000
people gathered for the first day of the music festival, with the
number increasing to 60,000 on the final
day.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-16>[16]
Additionally, media coverage of the Monterey Pop Festival facilitated
the Summer of Love as large numbers of hippies traveled to California
to hear favorite bands such as
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Who>The Who,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grateful_Dead>Grateful Dead,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Animals>the Animals,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jefferson_Airplane>Jefferson Airplane,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quicksilver_Messenger_Service>Quicksilver
Messenger Service,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Jimi_Hendrix_Experience>The Jimi
Hendrix Experience, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otis_Redding>Otis
Redding, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Byrds>The Byrds, and
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Brother_and_the_Holding_Company>Big
Brother and the Holding Company featuring
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janis_Joplin>Janis
Joplin.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-17>[17]
"San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your
Hair)"[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=3>edit]
Musician <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Phillips_(musician)>John
Phillips of the band
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mamas_%26_the_Papas>The Mamas &
the Papas wrote the song
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_(Be_Sure_to_Wear_Flowers_in_Your_Hair)>San
Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)" for his friend
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_McKenzie>Scott McKenzie. It
served to promote both the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterey_Pop_Festival>Monterey Pop
Festival that Phillips was helping to organize, and to popularize the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flower_children>flower children of San
Francisco.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-18>[18]
Released on May 13, 1967, the song was an instant success. By the
week ending July 1, 1967, it scored number four on the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100>Billboard<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100>
Hot 100 in the United States, where it remained for four consecutive
weeks.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-19>[19]
Meanwhile, the song scored number one in the United Kingdom and much
of Europe. The single is purported to have sold more than 7 million
copies
worldwide.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-20>[20]
Event[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=4>edit]
Part of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Love>a series on
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love>Love
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Heart_icon_red_hollow.svg>
Red-outline heart icon
Types of love<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affection>Affection
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_bonding>Bonding
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broken_heart>Broken heart
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compassionate_love>Compassionate love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugal_love>Conjugal love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtly_love>Courtly love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troubadour>troubadours
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falling_in_love>Falling in love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_love>Free love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship>Friendship
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romantic_friendship>romantic
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship>Interpersonal
relationship
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intimate_relationship>Intimacy
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limerence>Limerence
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_addiction>Love addiction
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_at_first_sight>Love at first sight
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_triangle>Love triangle
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loving-kindness>Loving-kindness
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovesickness>Lovesickness
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovestruck>Lovestruck
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obsessive_love>Obsessive love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passion_(emotion)>Passion
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puppy_love>Puppy love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interpersonal_relationship>Relationship
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-love>Self-love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amour_de_soi>Amour de soi
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unconditional_love>Unconditional love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unrequited_love>Unrequited love
Cultural views<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* Arabic
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishq>Ishq
* Chinese
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren_(Confucianism)>Ren
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_love>Greek
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_words_for_love>words for love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agape>Agape
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eros_(concept)>Eros
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philia>Philia
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_love>Platonic
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storge>Storge
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenia_(Greek)>Xenia
* Indian
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kama>Kama
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhakti>Bhakti
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_views_on_love>Jewish
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chesed>Chesed
* Latin
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupid>Amore
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charity_(virtue)>Charity
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_(love)>Romance
Related<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_basis_of_love>Biological basis
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_letter>Love letter
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valentine%27s_Day>Valentine's Day
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_love>Philosophy
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religious_views_on_love>Religious views
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Love_sidebar>v
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Love_sidebar>t
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Love_sidebar&action=edit>e
In Manhattan, near the Greenwich Village neighborhood, during a
concert in
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tompkins_Square_Park>Tompkins Square
Park on Memorial Day of 1967, some police officers asked for the
music's volume to be
reduced.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-Hinckley-3>[3]
In response, some people in the crowd threw various objects, and
thirty-eight arrests
ensued.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-Hinckley-3>[3]
A debate about the threat of the hippie ensued between Mayor
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lindsay>John Lindsay and Police
Commissioner Howard
Leary.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-Hinckley-3>[3]
After this event, Allan Katzman, the editor of the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Village_Other>East Village Other,
predicted that 50,000 hippies would enter the area for the
summer.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-Hinckley-3>[3]
Double that amount, as many as 100,000 young people from around the
world, flocked to San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district, as well as
to nearby
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley,_California>Berkeley and to
other <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Bay_Area>San
Francisco Bay Area cities, to join in a popularized version of the
hippieism.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-21>[21]
A <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haight_Ashbury_Free_Clinics>Free
Clinic was established for free medical treatment, and a
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Give-away_shop>Free Store gave away
basic necessities without charge to anyone who needed
them.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-American_Experience_doc-22>[22]
The Summer of Love attracted a wide range of people of various ages:
teenagers and college students drawn by their peers and the allure of
joining an alleged cultural utopia; middle-class vacationers; and
even partying military personnel from bases within driving distance.
The Haight-Ashbury could not accommodate this influx of people, and
the neighborhood scene quickly deteriorated, with overcrowding,
homelessness, hunger, drug problems, and crime afflicting the
neighborhood.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-American_Experience_doc-22>[22]
In
London[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=5>edit]
In England, gatherings with a theme similar to that of the Summer of
Love occurred in various places in London. The
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UFO_Club>UFO Club in
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tottenham_Court_Road>Tottenham Court
Road, open from December 1966 to October 1967, was a gathering place
where psychedelic musical groups such as
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd>Pink Floyd and the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_Machine>Soft Machine played,
accompanied by light shows. Pink Floyd performed their
'<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Games_For_May>Games For May' concert
in May.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_14_Hour_Technicolor_Dream>The 14
Hour Technicolour Dream in the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandra_Palace>Alexandra Palace on
April 29 was another major event, where amongst others, Pink Floyd,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crazy_World_of_Arthur_Brown>The
Crazy World of Arthur Brown, Soft Machine,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Move>The Move,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomorrow_(band)>Tomorrow, and
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Pretty_Things>The Pretty Things played.
A Legalise Pot Rally was held at
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speakers%27_Corner>Speakers' Corner on
16 July, led by activist
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Abrams>Stephen Abrams,
featuring <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_Ginsberg>Allen
Ginsberg and assorted London policemen.
It was soundtracked by songs such as
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Whiter_Shade_of_Pale>A Whiter Shade
of Pale" by <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procol_Harum>Procol Harum,
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itchycoo_Park>Itchycoo Park" by the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_Faces>Small Faces,
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_You_Need_Is_Love>All You Need Is
Love" by <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatles>the Beatles and
"<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hole_In_My_Shoe>Hole In My Shoe" by
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_(band)>Traffic. The Beatles
were a major influence, particularly by releasing
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sgt_Pepper%27s_Lonely_Hearts_Club_Band>Sgt
Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band on June 1. Much of the music was
broadcast by certain radio stations, particularly
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Caroline>Radio Caroline and
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonderful_Radio_London>Radio London,
which introduced the DJ <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Peel>John
Peel and his Perfumed Garden show.
The events were recorded and promoted by the newspaper
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Times>International
Times, also known as IT, and the magazine
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oz_(magazine)>Oz.
Notable graphic artists included
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hapshash_and_the_Coloured_Coat>Hapshash
and the Coloured Coat (who were Nigel Weymouth and Michael English),
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fool_(design_collective)>The Fool
(a Dutch group, endorsed by the Beatles), and
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Sharp>Martin Sharp.
Many of the fashion shops, known as boutiques, such as
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granny_Takes_a_Trip>Granny Takes A
Trip, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hung_On_You>Hung On You and
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandie_Fashions>Dandie Fashions were
on or near the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kings_Road>Kings Road.
These were where psychedelic clothing, such as
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaftans>kaftans,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoriana>Victoriana,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini_skirts>mini skirts and everything
floral could be found.
Major promoters included
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Hopkins_(political_activist)>John
'Hoppy' Hopkins, who helped establish the International Times, a
hippie newspaper. He established the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Free_School>London Free School
and the <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UFO_Club>UFO psychedelic club
and promoted the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14_Hour_Technicolor_Dream>14 Hour
Technicolor Dream with
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Miles>Barry Miles, a writer who
established the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indica_Gallery_and_Bookshop>Indica
Gallery and Bookshop.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_McCartney>Paul McCartney was
particularly vocal in his endorsement of the new fashions.
The establishment was mystified by and frightened of the new
fashions, which were ridiculed by the tabloid press. Some notable
arrests included <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mick_Jagger>Mick
Jagger, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keith_Richards>Keith Richards,
Robert Fraser and John 'Hoppy' Hopkins. The Times
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_breaks_a_butterfly_upon_a_wheel%3F>published
an editorial headlined
'<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Who_Breaks_A_Butterfly_On_A_Wheel%3F>Who
Breaks A Butterfly On A Wheel?' denouncing the arrest of Mick Jagger
and Keith Richard.
Use of
drugs[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=6>edit]
Part of <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Psychedelia>a series on
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelia>Psychedelia
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_art>Arts<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_art>Psychedelic art
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_art>Algorithmic art
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberdelic>Cyberdelic
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction>Diffraction
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal_art>Fractal art
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid_light_show>Liquid light show
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSD_art>LSD art
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paisley_(design)>Paisley
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphene>Phosphene
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_music>Psychedelic music
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_house>Acid house
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_jazz>Acid jazz
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_rock>Acid rock
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_techno>Acid techno
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_trance>Acid trance
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-psychedelia>Neo-psychedelia
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyote_song>Peyote song
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_folk>Psychedelic folk
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_pop>Psychedelic pop
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_rock>Psychedelic rock
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_soul>Psychedelic soul
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_trance>Psychedelic trance
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_rock>Space rock
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_rock>Stoner rock
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trip_hop>Trip hop
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_film>Psychedelic film
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_Western>Acid Western
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoner_film>Stoner film
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_literature>Psychedelic literature
Culture<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculture>Counterculture
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s>Counterculture
of the 1960s
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_culture>Drug culture
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entheogen>Entheogen
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippie>Hippie
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huichol_people>Huichol people
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_American_Church>Native
American Church
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-American_Church>Neo-American Church
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_1960s_counterculture>Timeline
of 1960s counterculture
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trip_sitter>Trip sitter
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_drug>Drugs<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/25I-NBOMe>25I-NBOMe
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2C-B>2C-B
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayahuasca>Ayahuasca
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_(Drug)>Cannabis
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N,N-Dimethyltryptamine>DMT
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibogaine>Ibogaine
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketamine>Ketamine
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysergic_acid_diethylamide>LSD
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mescaline>Mescaline
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peyote>Peyote
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin>Psilocybin
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin_mushroom>mushrooms
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvinorin_A>Salvinorin
A/<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_divinorum>Salvia
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinopsis_pachanoi>San Pedro cactus
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_psychedelic_drugs>List
of psychedelic drugs
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_psilocybin_mushrooms>List of
psilocybin mushrooms
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychoactive_cactus>Psychoactive cactus
Economics<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designer_drug>Designer drug
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grow_house>Grow house
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_shop>Head shop
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade>Illegal drug trade
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_shop>Smart shop
Effects<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_experience>Acid trip
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_trip>Bad trip
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid>Cannabinoid
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociative>Dissociative
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empathogen-entactogen>Empathogen-entactogen
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_therapy>Psychedelic therapy
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonergic_psychedelic>Serotonergic
psychedelic
History<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_Tests>Acid Tests
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Hofmann>Albert Hofmann
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_lysergic_acid_diethylamide>History
of lysergic acid diethylamide
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Owsley_Stanley>Owsley Stanley
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychedelic_era>Psychedelic era
* Summer of Love
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_Leary>Timothy Leary
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Leonard_Pickard>William
Leonard Pickard
Law<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_policy_of_the_Netherlands>Drug
policy of the Netherlands
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_liberalization>Drug liberalization
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis>Legality of cannabis
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_status_of_psilocybin_mushrooms>Legal
status of psilocybin mushrooms
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_status_of_Salvia_divinorum>Legal
status of Salvia divinorum
Related topics<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#>[show]
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addiction>Addiction
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)>Cannabis
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDMA>MDMA
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychonautics>Psychonautics
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibition_of_drugs>Prohibition of drugs
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rave>Rave
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recreational_drug_use>Recreational drug use
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrealism>Surrealism
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Tabletten.JPG>
Tabletten.JPG
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Pharmacy_and_Pharmacology>Pharmacy
and Pharmacology portal
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Psychedelic_sidebar>v
* <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Psychedelic_sidebar>t
*
<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Psychedelic_sidebar&action=edit>e
Psychedelic drug use became common.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grateful_Dead>Grateful Dead guitarist
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Weir>Bob Weir commented:
Haight Ashbury was a ghetto of bohemians who wanted to do
anythingand we did but I don't think it has happened since. Yes
there was LSD. But Haight Ashbury was not about drugs. It was about
exploration, finding new ways of expression, being aware of one's
existence.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-23>[23]
After losing his untenured position as an Instructor on the
Psychology Faculty at <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard>Harvard
University, <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_Leary>Timothy
Leary became a major advocate for the recreational use of psychedelic
drugs.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-long_magazine-8>[8]
After taking <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin>psilocybin, a
drug extracted from certain
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psilocybin_mushroom>mushrooms that
causes effects similar to those of LSD, Leary endorsed the use of all
psychedelics for personal development. He often invited friends as
well as an occasional graduate student to consume such drugs along
with him and colleague
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Alpert>Richard Alpert.
On the West Coast, author
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Kesey>Ken Kesey, a prior volunteer
for a <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIA>CIA-sponsored LSD
experiment, also advocated the use of the
drug.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-long_magazine-8>[8]
Soon after participating, he was inspired to write the bestselling
novel
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Flew_Over_the_Cuckoo%27s_Nest_(novel)>One
Flew Over the Cuckoo's
Nest.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-long_magazine-8>[8]
Subsequently, after buying an old school bus, painting it with
psychedelic graffiti and attracting a group of similarly-minded
individuals he dubbed the
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merry_Pranksters>Merry Pranksters,
Kesey and his group traveled across the country, often hosting "acid
tests" where they would fill a large container with a diluted low
dose form of the drug and give out diplomas to those who passed their
test.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-long_magazine-8>[8]
Along with LSD,
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)>cannabis was also much
used during this period. With the various all-organic fashions
beginning to increase, this drug was even more appealing than LSD
because apart from creating a euphoric high, it was all-natural as
well. However, as a result, crime increased among users because new
laws were subsequently enacted to control the use of both drugs. The
users thereof often had sessions to oppose the laws, including The
Human Be-In referenced above as well as various "smoke-ins" during
July and
August,<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-Harden-24>[24]
however, their efforts at repeal were unsuccessful.
Funeral and
aftermath[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=7>edit]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Death_of_hippie.jpg>
[]
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Death_of_hippie.jpg>
Mock funeral notice
After many people left at the end of summer to resume their college
studies, those remaining in the Haight wanted to commemorate the
conclusion of the event. A mock funeral entitled "The Death of the
Hippie" ceremony was staged on October 6, 1967, and organizer Mary
Kasper explained the intended
message:<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-PBS_timeline-13>[13]
We wanted to signal that this was the end of it, to stay where you
are, bring the revolution to where you live and don't come here
because it's over and done
with.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-25>[25]
In New York, the rock musical drama
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_(musical)>Hair, which told the
story of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the
1960s, began <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-Broadway>Off-Broadway
on October 17,
1967.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-26>[26]
Legacy[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=8>edit]
Second Summer of
Love[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=9>edit]
Main article:
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Summer_of_Love>Second Summer of Love
The "Second Summer of Love" (the term generally refers to the summers
of both 1988 and 1989) was a renaissance of
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid_house>acid house music and rave
parties in Britain. The culture supported
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDMA>MDMA use and some
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LSD>LSD use. The art had a generally
psychedelic emotion reminiscent of the
1960s.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-27>[27]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-28>[28]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-29>[29]
40th
anniversary[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=10>edit]
During the summer of 2007, San Francisco celebrated the 40th
anniversary of the Summer of Love by holding numerous events around
the region, culminating on September 2, 2007, when over 150,000
people attended the 40th anniversary of the Summer of Love concert,
held in Golden Gate Park in Speedway Meadows. It was produced by 2b1
Multimedia and the Council of
Light.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-30>[30]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-31>[31]
Bands/Performers included:
Country Joe McDonald, Taj Mahal, Lester Chambers (from Chambers
Brothers), Canned Heat, New Riders of the Purple Sage, Jesse Colin
Young (from the Youngbloods), Jerry Miller Band (from Moby Grape)
featuring Tiran Porter and Dale Ockerman (from the Doobie Brothers)
and Fuzzy John Oxendine (from the Sons of Champlin), Banana (from the
Youngbloods), Michael McClure and Ray Manzarek (from the Doors), San
Francisco's First Family of Rock (TBA), Brian Auger, Nick Gravenites
Band with David LaFlamme, Dickie Peterson of Blue Cheer, Chris and
Lorin of the Rowan Brothers, The Alameda All Stars (from Gregg Allman
band), Brad Jenkins, Terry Haggerty (from the Sons of Champlin), Tony
Lindsay (Santana), Dan Hicks and the Hot Licks, George Michalski
Pete Sears "Dueling Keys", Freddie Roulette, Ron Thompson, The
Charlatans, Leigh Stephens (Blue Cheer), Greg Douglass (from Steve
Miller), Pete Sears (Jefferson Starship), Essra Mohawk (from Mothers
of Invention), Barry "The Fish" Melton, All Night Flight featuring
David Denny and Steve McCarty (from Steve Miller), Jack King (from
Cold Blood) and Dale Ockerman (from Doobie Brothers), Merl Saunders
(supporting the event), Squid B. Vicious with Buddy Miles, Jim Post
(Friend and Lover, Siegel Schwall Blues Band), David Harris, Fayette
Hauser and the Cockettes, Terence Hallinan (former San Francisco DA),
Ruth Weiss (Beat Poet), Richard Eastman (Marijuana Initiative),
Lenore Kandel (Beat Poet), Paul "Lobster" Wells, Dr Hip (Eugene
Schoenfeld), Artie Kornfeld (Producer of Woodstock), Wavy Gravy,
Mouse man (Bagpipes), Leigh Davidson (Haight Ashbury Free Medical
Clinic), Bruce Latimer (Bruce Latimer Show), Rabbi Joseph Langer,
Bruce Barthol (Mime Troupe), Doug Green, Howard Hesseman (schedule
permitting), Benjamin Hernandez (Hearts Hands and Elders), American
Indigenous Peoples, Agnes Pilgrim and 13 Grandmas (schedule
permitting), Lakota War Pony's, Merle Tendoy (6th generation of
Sacagawea) Shonie, Harry Riverbottom (Chippewa), Chief Sunne Reyna,
Iroquois Tribe, Dakota Tribe, Seminole Tribe, Emmit Powell and the
Gospel Elites, and representatives of the Dalai
Lama.<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-32>[32]
50th
anniversary[<https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_of_Love&action=edit§ion=11>edit]
During the summer of 2017, San Francisco plans to celebrate the 50th
anniversary of the Summer of Love by holding numerous events around
the region. These are planned to culminate during October 2017, when
more than 150,000 people are expected to attend the 50th anniversary
of the Summer of Love concert in Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, and
webcast/broadcast worldwide. For this 50th anniversary event
producers 2b1 Multimedia and the Council of Light are in
pre-production, organizing with communities in New York and the UK to
plan for the occasion. To quote the "Council of Light of 1967-2017",
"We call upon the world to celebrate the infinite holiness of
Life."<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-33>[33]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love#cite_note-34>[34]