Morning Grant, > Maybe I'm mis-interpreting things, but wouldn't LIKE '%' actually be > semantically equivalent to IS NOT NULL. That is, for something to be LIKE > "anything", it must therefore be known (or more specifically knowable) in > order to evaluate its "likeness". Yes, to all intents and purposes, they are equivalent. I haven't checked if the CBO considers them to be the same though! > The %% thing is however, new and interesting to me :) It had me foxed as well. I'd never seen it until this came up, and I thought it was a special format of the wildcard - I admit that at first I thought it was a way of specifying the percent sign - why would they be looking for a string like '%' came to mind! ;-) Cheers, Norm. -- Norman Dunbar Dunbar IT Consultants Ltd Registered address: Thorpe House 61 Richardshaw Lane Pudsey West Yorkshire United Kingdom LS28 7EL Company Number: 05132767 -- //www.freelists.org/webpage/oracle-l