Competent Adult Language User: 'Why is that called a cup?' ? Child: 'Because it's a cup.'? ---- I hope the implicature is not that child is incompetent. In some ways, children (or 'kids', as they call them in Tennessee) are like _peasants_ (as they call them in Philadelphia). Huxley has the memorable quote, "Rightly them's called 'pigs'". One problem with the Latino-philosophical variant, 'koine', qua si que is that if the que is an enclitic, would be read by McCreery as 'and' (tuquoque Brute), i.e. as 'qua sique' -- roughly, "and then -- what?", or as I prefer, "qua sivel" "_or_ then _what_? (+> "Are you threatening me _or what_ (quidvel). While a cup is called a cup because it is a cup, a quack-quack is calls a quackquack not so much because it? _is_ a duck, but because, to use Eve Kotowski Sedgewick's parlance, it _performs_ 'duck'. JL