Hi, a statistician/politician whose blog I read commented on recent news that gastric bypass surgery has been shown to cure diabetes, see for example http://www.nbc6.net/health/17871636/detail.html, which raises questions about standard understanding of its causes, that is obesity which disturbs the functioning of pancreas. The catch is that patients stabilized their blood sugar levels and could be taken off insulin, before they even lost weight. Suggesting the root cause of diabetes has something to do with intestine dysfunctionality. Blogger told this confirmed his suspicions, he had been convinced by a pandemic researcher that there is something very wrong with the picture we have of diabetes, because it is increasing faster than obesity or other given causes. Now this reminds me of something David wrote, and I believe studied, couple years ago. As I recall, the subject was shell-shock and WWI. Point being that it was primarily diagnosed in working class soldiers, while officers had pathologies more fitting a gentleman. (It wasn't the other way around?) Could it be the same with diabetes, obesity is connected to social status, so it is by default assumed that any lower class diseases have something more or less vaguely to do it with how they live. (And if David's point was indeed the other way around, this theses is going nowhere...) Cheers, Teemu Helsinki, Finland p.s. My medical english is awful, I hope to your amusement and not irritation. ------------------------------------------------------------------ To change your Lit-Ideas settings (subscribe/unsub, vacation on/off, digest on/off), visit www.andreas.com/faq-lit-ideas.html