Marc said: Philip, The Sun doesn't take the same time to travel from noon to noon, the time varies up to 30 seconds. Thats ok.. I can get that. Furthermore, since the Sun is not always at the same distance from the Earth and is moving north-south relative to the observer, there is a variation of around 20 minutes from noon to noon on the sundial. Marc V. THIS I DO NOT GET. IT AINT OK.. maybe I just never could visualise 3D geometry. or it being projected on to a 2D sundial. But if the sun was getting to be 20 minutes late by my watch at mid day, (adjusted for my longitude of course) I'd be very worried. That time is when the shadow is shortest on the ground neath a vertical pole. At my longitude thats 32 minutes before Standard time based on Melbourne.. So far it seems the shadow is shortest right on cue through out the year. at 11.28am. and its always pointing exactly due south. Phil ----- Original Message ----- From: philip madsen Sent: 20 août 2008 20:04 To: geocentrism@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [geocentrism] Re: an aside There is a Guided Tour talk on the subject of 'time' in GU 3.0 Neville. If Gu is as clear as that then I will be none the wiser.. I know the days are shorter.. but as the sun takes the exact same time to go from NOON to NOON all the year round, how can it get to be 10 mins late some times??? Phil. ----- Original Message ----- From: Neville Jones To: geocentrism@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: Thursday, August 21, 2008 7:35 AM Subject: [geocentrism] Re: an aside. Philip, The Sun's rising and setting, and the length of time that it is above the horizon, varies from day to day. Since wristwatches cannot be made to reflect these variations and since we divide periods into equal increments (60 sec = 1 min, 60 min = 1 hr, 24 hrs = 1 day), it is actually the mean, or average, taken over 12 months, that is used for watch and clock calibration. In other words, to be more precise, 24 mean solar hours = 1 mean solar day. We thus invent a 'mean Sun' that is constant in its imaginary rotation, as well as the 'true Sun' that follows a helical locus. There is a Guided Tour talk on the subject of 'time' in GU 30 Neville. -----Original Message----- From: pma15027@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: Wed, 20 Aug 2008 11:50:29 +1000 To: geocentrism@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [geocentrism] an aside. live and learn or are they wrong. Sundial site sayeth: In respect to true solar time, mean time indicated by our wristwatches has a periodic variation that during the course of a year can exceed a quarter of an hour. Now Apart from the shadow of a vertical pole lengthening and shortening with the seasons, I would have expected the shortest shadow of the day, as being noon, and that this would occur at the same time relative to the local time every day of the year. How can he talk of a 15 minute variation? My simple answer is that this is as regards the dial calibration method. Why the trivia.. I am currently monitoring my solar panels and need to know exact noon... and site interfered with my reasoning. Phil.