--- In Wittrs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, "Lenval A.Callender" <wittrs@...> wrote: << snip >> > This was first pointed out by St. Augustine...He said that > time was a property of the universe that God created, and > that time did not exist before the beginning of the universe." Greetings sir. I didn't see your posting at first as I'm but a pending member on Yahoo's Wittrs, known as Plus in some circles. We experienced a recent "renaming" of Yahoo lists, which I think our systems architect Sean sees as a simple relabeling, but which one could see as complete annihilation and rebirth, i.e. the old Yahoo! lists are gone forever, and I'm but a Pending Member (not yet reborn) on one of the two new ones (or so says the GUI interface). Ergo, I miss some messages until I check the board. I bring this up because the logic of cyberspace is part of the new analytics (what analytic philosophy types need to contend with as a part of their new logical environment -- Sean is well ahead of the pack in doing all this inter-list plumbing, a good role model for the hyper-specialists). It's well that you finger St. Augustine, as Wittgenstein chooses him in particular to debate in his opening quote in Latin, regarding the guy's theory of language -- which LW treats as representative of how many still think of language even today: mistakenly and/or superstitiously as it turns out, with lots of imaginary "mental processes" that "must" be there -- because imagined -- and then subsequently reified by neuroscience as hypothetical "brain circuits" or "neurological events"). I'm speaking of 'Philosophical Investigations' of course, which disentangles "meaning" from such lazily indulged daydreams of "internal wheels turning". Not that we don't imagine stuff of course, it's just that "understanding" and/or "meaning" is only gratuitously projected as some "private internal process" by those given to idle and specious talk, versus taking the trouble to actually investigate the use of these ethnic concepts in actual practice). Regarding Kant, I don't know how much difference it would make if those speaking of a "multi-verse" in Hawking's circle, i.e. those cosmologists into "branes" (vs. "brains"), were to change their nomenclature and proclaim that the universe itself (expanded meaning) was possibly eternally regenerative. Would that impact the Kantian argument one way or the other? [ We're still "beings in time" (Heidegger) are we not? Nothing changes about human nature, as cosmologies come and go, right? Likely wrong. Isn't cosmology intrinsic to ethnicity and therefore identity? What do Existentialists think? ] You needn't go back to some hypothetical "big bang" to get a sense of that Land Before Time. Your own personal existence (likewise mine) will only have commenced a few years ago, and that's a far better analogy for the locality of a sense of "time" I should think, i.e. it's only in our culture that "time" has the meaning we make of it. Not every civilization before or after will invest in a meaning of "time" the same way you or I do. Ethnography enters in. That was a big contribution of the Wittgenstein era. Philosophers could no longer take their ethnicity for granted. The 113 year span of the Anglo empire ended around the same time -- not coincidentally I don't think. When did "time" begin? In its modern sense, probably around the time of accurate timekeeping devices, along with calendars (so a long time ago). Before that, time had a different flavor, I would suggest more caught up with space. A journey from here to there would be considered in terms of time (how many moons). You can't divorce distance from the time it takes to cover it. That started to change with the idea of "instantaneous time" (time the same everywhere, with instantaneous action at a distance). This notion may have reached its apogee within Newtonian physics. We no longer have the sense of it being "the same time everywhere" in the universe. Finding out that light had a top speed, putting an upper limit on the speed of information dispersion, helped create the Hawking universe of partially overlapping "light cones" (hour- glass shaped -- bow-ties around "now moments"). "Instant universe" in general has had to take a back burner position, now that Relativity rules. No one reference frame has privileged access to the "one true time" that determines chronology and causality. No one has a monopoly on the "one telling" of history. That might have been disruptive to Kant's thinking too, I don't know. Too late to ever know I suppose. Thanks for contributing. Your posting reminded me of a time when philosophers were more often than not professionally concerned with the "existence" versus "non-existence" of some God. For many today, that's no longer an interesting debate (it's not that either side "won" -- it's more that the grammar of "existence" (egg-zist-ance) was vastly over-sold (who cares if some sorry God "egg zists" or not?)). [ Actually, even in the Middle Ages, some philosophers averred that "existence" was a property of mere creatures and that God could not partake of existence as that would make God just another time-space bound creature like we are. ] Anyway, it's good to be reminded of one's heritage. Kirby _______________________________________________ Wittrs mailing list Wittrs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx http://undergroundwiki.org/mailman/listinfo/wittrs_undergroundwiki.org