Trying to keep this short (if not sweet), I will only selectively respond (partly by way of testing my access to this list again since two recent efforts to post responses nearby have failed to materialize on the Yahoo list): --- In Wittrs@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx, kirby urner <wittrsamr@...> wrote: > I wrote: And here we run into the further problem that unpredictability > (needed to avoid determinism in its strictest sense) can be either the result of > incredibly deep complexity OR the absence of relevance of physical laws to > mental phenomena. > To which you (Kirby) replied: Yeah, we're not free to perform miracles that break the unbreakable laws of physics, such as we've appeared to discover them. But how different is this in principle from breaking an easy-to-break rule, such as "no jay walking"? My response: I meant by the comment I made above not that we are constrained in what we try to do in the world by physical laws (which we are, of course) but that the issue of determinism (contra-"free-will") hinges on a notion that what we are (what we think, what we will, what we choose to do) is itself constrained by physical laws, i.e., the way all the atomic parts of the universe interact. On this view, if we could give a full account of all of THAT -- which we cannot and have no reason to think we ever will be able to do -- we would discover that everything we do, think, etc., is the outcome of some physical interactions which have nothing to do with what we take into our consciousness from what we observe or what we decide to think since even THOSE are thought to be outcomes of the same physical interactions. On such a view free-will" (free of external constraint) is denied. This is not incompatible with our believing or feeling that we are free to do anything we want. It's just that that belief or feeling is asserted to be false qua delusion. Kirby wrote: I'm thinking these are philosophically immature positions (radical skepticism, solipsism, idealism, determinism, materialism, reductionism) and that allowing a concept as important as "free will" to get bogged down in these childish sandboxes is a disservice to real philosophy, which cannot afford to be bedeviled by such grammatical confusions -- it's an embarrassment for western philosophy and pulls down the value of a PhD degree for all of us (because "Doctor of Philosophy" becomes more like "Doctor of Clowning Around"). My response: I don't think it's right to speak of these approaches as "immature positions" (though they may be). In fact they are functions of our linguistic confusion and recognizing that is the way in which we solve such problems, on the Wittgensteinian view, rather than arguing their contraries. Kirby wrote: The above is not a Logical Positivist position, which sought to consign music and art to the realm of nonsense, saving only logic and factual propositions for the realm of sense. This was not, in fact, Wittgenstein's position as most of us know, i.e. he was never a Logical Positivist, even though many in that camp used the Tractatus as a kind of manifesto, at least when it first came out. My response: Yes, indeed. I think that's a mistake many non-Wittgensteinians make, i.e., they fail to interpret his early philosophy in accord with his own statements, both contemporary and later and, especially, some may become attached to the earlier work because of its pretty mysticism and thereby fail to see the clarity and earthiness of his later thinking which puts the earlier work into perspective. > But the key here is the word "discovered" because, absent any new information > about how things work (is there evidence of disembodied minds, spirits, ghosts, > of continued consciousness after death?), nothing is changed by such > speculations, whatever arguments may be deployed in favor of the non-physicality > of minds thesis. > Kirby wrote: I'm not clear that ghosts, continued consciousness after death etc. would have any bearing whatsoever on the free will discussion. The ghosts would be as determined as everything else. Those that believe in their own freedom would have no choice but to do so (that whale I mentioned is a ghost, but that just means we welcome him in spirit). My response: Yes, one might suppose ghosts could be determined by the physical universe if embodied minds are. But then the point is that if there were disembodied minds it would be evidence of a failure of the physics we currently have to provide a complete explanation of the universe and so that would be a reason to think that minds are not physically determined after all and, hence, a basis for a claim of absolute free-will (that minds are undetermined by the physics of the bodies to which they appear to be "attached"). SWM