Aaditya Kandibanda wrote: > I was wondering about the quarter > wavelength and half wavelength concepts, can you emphasize some more > information on it please? For an unterminated trace or cable or transmission line with an "open" on the far end, in the vicinity of the frequency where it is a quarter wavelength long or an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength long, the line behaves (as seen from the source end) about the same as a high-Q, series resonance. In the vicinity of frequencies where it is a half wavelength long or whole multiples of it, it looks like parallel resonance. It is by nature of it being a finite length transmission line without anything there to dissipate the energy, so standing waves form which makes the feedpoint impedance very low, or very high. Coupling with other traces does not cause it, but coupling could modify slightly the resonant frequencies from what they would be without coupling. By examining those standing waves, you can determine what the signal looks like on the trace. Is this what you want, or do you need more detail than that? Andy ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List forum is accessible at: http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu