Greg, The term "common-mode" is regularly applied to both cases: 1. In the case of differential signaling, where the normal signal mode is with each of the two conductors have equal and opposite polarities, the common-mode refers to excitations where both conductors have the same polarity. 2. In the case of single-ended signaling, the term common-mode usually refers to excitation where the directions of the current on the signal conductor and the current ground plane are the same. These two cases are not the same, yet we use the same term for them. Confusing, isn't it. Regards, Jim ________________________ James L. Knighten, Ph.D. Teradata, a division of NCR http://www.ncr.com 17095 Via del Campo San Diego, CA 92127 tel: 858-485-2537 fax: 858-485-3788 -----Original Message----- From: si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx [mailto:si-list-bounce@xxxxxxxxxxxxx] On Behalf Of Fu.Gerg@xxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: Tuesday, November 04, 2003 12:13 AM To: si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Subject: [SI-LIST] About common-mode hi,all: I see a document to explain the common-mode as follows: common-mode refers to signals that occur on both traces of a differential signal pair or on both the single-ended trace and ground. I have a question, where is the return path? Confused... Thanks for your help in advance. Best regards, Greg Mailto:fu.greg@xxxxxxxxxxxx Inventec(ShangHai) Co.,Ltd. NO.1295 Yishan Rd,Shanghai 200233,P.R.C. ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu