> I see a document to explain the common-mode as follows: > common-mode refers to signals that occur on both traces of a > differential signal pair or on both the single-ended trace and ground. > I have a question, where is the return path? Confused... Probably on what we call "ground". If we're talking about differential traces on a circuit board, the return path is mostly the "ground" and power planes that surround the traces. For common-mode currents on something like a coax cable, the return path might be a chassis, or any other conductors that go between the source and the load. "Ground" is never ground; or stated another way, no two grounds are the same. You can have several "ground" paths in a circuit between point A and point B, and they are not all carrying the same currents. You can have currents that go out one "ground" path and back (in the opposite direction) on another "ground" path. Regards, Andy ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu