I did not attempt to address every verse of scripture regarding hell.....I found this it seemed a good all around expose of the thinking and doctrine of Universalism....although sometimes I am little sarcastic.. NOTE: I am not nor are my points attempting to validate or invalidate the doctrine of purgatory which is a separate but interesting discussion in and of itself. The primary issue here under consideration here is the assertions based on circular fallacies of the universalist doctrine that there is no "eternal punishment" (....as described in all of scripture:)) ... That eternal punishment is also known or commonly referred to as hell but the name is not nearly as important as the condition it denotes. All of the Objections to "Hell" are either an emotional appeal or convoluted and logically void arguments concerning the use of terminology such as Gehenna, Hell, Sheol, or the Grave. All of the arguments miss the real issue which is not what is "the scary term" is but rather the descriptions of the eternal condition of the Godly vs the eternal condition of the unrighteousness. Eternal punishment is not eternal punishment because of "hell". Rather "Hell" will be "Hell" because scripture defines and outlines a eternal punishment for the ungodly regardless of a name or not......The choice of the term for its location is only "the" issue if the descriptions of the condition for the unrighteous were based on the term used. However, the term, what ever you chose to translate it as, gets its meaning not intrinsically but rather from the context and the descriptions of conditions of those who are in "Sheol" or the grave or "Hades"....even in the English language the same term can have multiple meanings depending on context or how it is used.... Also I can move to Phoenix but giving you the name of where I go does not tell you what my condition is. It does not tell you if I live in a 5 million dollar house or I live in a condemned crack house on the backside of a garbage dump. These arguments like many others attempt to focus and define a terms external of context and then attempt to use that definition to define and or ignore & or invalidate the context. As of the OT we mostly have descriptions of the afterlife not necessarily definitive names for every aspect of it. It is the descriptions that we are to fear not a "scary" name. Context is what gives any term its meaning. If I say I am going to the "funny farm" that would be a good right?......... the terms "funny" and "farm" those are benign terms in and of themselves.......could sound like I am going to some wonderful place if you just focus on the terms external of the context.........someone who does not know the context of how those terms are used might think it is a wonderful place of laughter and farm animals........... a great place for the kids and whole family right?...( Sounds like Disney land I have been there........... great place I highly recommend it....!?)......... It is only by virtue of context that one understands is not some place you want to end up, particularly if someone describes even without naming it the "funny farm". If my daughter is in Hell because she did not get "born again" then I'd rather go to Hell and be with her than to be with your God because there would be more love in Hell than near your vindictive God." Emotional argument............... it?s only bases and relevance is in the eyes of one who Judges God as vindictive in his own mind external of how God describes himself ...which is itself void of any scripture describing the nature of God for God lays claim to vengeance for himself. Romans 12:19 Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written,Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord. Sure the easiest way to demonstrate any false doctrine is ignore any scripture that disputes it and attempt to "interprete" those scriptures in light of your arguments....just through everything out the window that does not agree with what you have decided it is......How do they determine that any love will be in "hell" where did scripture imply love would be in hell? God is love and to Love is Godly, those that go to "Hell" do not have love........ "love" for self doesn?t count because the Love in context is love of God..and it is God who defines terms who said that you don?t love him if you don?t obey him..................of course if one is going to define the terms themselves external of scripture then force God and scripture to live with their definitions then this argument makes perfect sense...................but it cannot be logically demonstrated outside that circular fallacy. "How can you say burning someone alive forever is "just" or "fair" for everyone who hasn't accepted Jesus Christ? Even we humans fit the punishment to the crime. According to you, Christians, people are destined to be burned in Hell whether we are bad or not. Just being born into this world is grounds for being endlessly tortured. You say the punishment is the same regardless of the number of sins committed or how bad they were. This is not justice--this is insanity!" "Infinite punishment for finite crimes just doesn't seem just." "Whether we are Bad or not"..Interesting How do you define those terms external of the Commandment of Christ? If by Christ, then those who go to "hell" are not Good by virtue of God?s definition of good......... the same good God who gives man the opportunity to escape via his son Christ ... "Insanity" as defined by people...but Christ did not come to preach the Gospel according to mans reasoning.... "Even we Humans Fit the Punishment to the crime"...How does one objectively define that? ..death or life in prison is as permanent of a situation as it relates to this life as hell dose to the next but we put people to death or life behind bars for a moment of murder....what is the definition of fair? Who gets to make that determination for God.."the moral majority"..............?? "I could never torture people endlessly, especially my own children. How can you say that God will do that to His children? This seems hideous. You make God look like a monster worse than Hitler, not a loving Father Who would even die for His enemies!" Define Loving....Emotional, external of any objective definition of Who God is and What God has already done for man...certainly not God?s definition of Love.....evil seems good to may people and good seems evil to many..who cares what you think? Why should God define his actions based on how it seems to you? "If Hell is real and the greatest part of humanity went there, how could you HONESTLY say that 'Love NEVER fails?' Seems like Love fails most of the time according to your understanding of things." (I Cor. 13:8) People that end up in hell do not do so as a result of love or loves failure.........they end up in hell due to their failure to love........2Thesolonians 2:9.................... God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten son that whosoever believeth should not parish but have everlasting life. (John 3:16)....God dose not force anyone to obey him. "If the wages of sin is eternal punishment in Hell, then Jesus would have to be eternally punished if in fact He died for my sins. But the Bible says the wages of sin is death which is exactly what Jesus did--died. So how can you say people will be eternally tortured in Hell? Is Jesus presently being eternally tortured in place of those who accepted Him as Lord? Hebrews 9:23: It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. 24: For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us: 25: Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others; 26: For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. 27: And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment: 28: So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation. ..Now this may not satisfy those folk............ but then again... that is the whole point is it not..what man states in red v Scripture in black..........2Thesolonians 2:10: And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. 11: And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: 12: That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness. If Hell is real and describes a real place, why does the English word "Hell" come from a pagan source instead of the ancient Hebrew writings of the Bible? Why is the word "Hell" not found in the Jew's Bible which is the Christian's Old Testament? Furthermore, the word "Hell" has completely disappeared from the Old Testament Scriptures in most leading Bibles. Why? Because the best scholarship demands it. (The word "Hell" comes from the Teutonic "Hele" goddess of the underworld "Hell" of northern Europe. The description of this ancient mythological place has very little resemblance anymore to the modern Christian image of Hell. See any Encyclopedia or dictionary for the origin of the word.) Seeing that the Bible is supposed to be "Holy," why have pagan religious words been added to our modern English Bibles? Please understand, the English word "Hell" and its concepts are NOT in the Hebrew nor Greek. They come into the English through Northern European mythologies, NOT from the roots of Christianity. Its concepts are most certainly found in the OT even if it is not named specifically "hell" If Hell is real and it is a place of eternally being separated from God, why does David say in the King James Bible, "Though I make my bed in Hell (Sheol) lo, Thou art there? (Again please note, most Christian Bibles NO LONGER have the word "Hell" in the Old Testament. The KJV written over 350 years ago is an exception. The Jews do NOT put the word "Hell" in their English translations of the Hebrew Scriptures, that is, the Old Testament and the leading English Christian Bibles have removed it because it is NOT in the originals. Most Christian scholars now acknowledge it should never have been placed there in the first place.) Translate the term "Hell" into the "Magic Kingdom" if you wish, .....but as with any terminology in the OT/NT context defines the what it is...and whatever it is, the OT as well as the NT describe it as fire kindled not quenched smoke that rises forever...You either accept the those descriptions of what ever term you whish to translate it as or you reject it but in any case the origins of "root words" does not determine if the term was ever used or not assuming you can with %100 certainty know what those origins were..since language itself originated from God.....the question remains what you believe and why not that this demonstrates anything except how you feel about what you have read. In fact if you want to get rid of the term altogether you would still be left with descriptions of a unnamed location/condition that still does not mean you would like to be there. If Hell as a place of everlasting tortures was the real fate of all mankind unless they did something here on earth to prevent it, why didn't God make that warning plain right at the beginning of the Bible? God said the penalty for eating of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil was DEATH. He did NOT define death as eternal life being forever tortured in burning fire and brimstone. What difference does it make? Why not go one step further and demand that God have made Adam to actually experience Death & or Hell so that he would know exactly what he would be missing since without a frame of reference how could ADAM possibly have understood God & or the term "death" or any term of a consequence for that matter......what would "death" have meant to ADAM? How do you know how Adam did or did not understand God & the term "Death"..since it was God who was communicating with Adam in the first place?..eternal punishment even in pagan religions was believed and goes just about as far back as far as any thing else can be traced.....where did they get that idea?..........for that matter,, IF heaven is a real place Why didn?t God make that plain right at the beginning of the Bible.....Further, we should demand that God let us in heaven first to experience/define it for us so we would at least know exactly what we are fighting for if heaven is real.............!!!??? If Hell was real why didn't Moses warn about this fate in the Ten Commandments or the Mosaic Covenant consisting of over 600 laws, ordinances, and warnings? The Mosaic Law simply stated blessings and cursings IN THIS LIFETIME for failure to keep the Mosaic Law. It does not specify "this lifetime" it specifies a everlasting curse and a everlasting blessing...this lifetime is not everlasting...? Galatians 3:13 Christ hath redeemed us from the curse of the law If Hell is real and if good people go to heaven and bad people go to Hell, why does EVERYONE, good or bad, go to the same place in the Old Testament? They ALL go to Sheol which the King James Version translated "Hell" thirty-0ne times, "grave" thirty-one times and "pit" three times? Are we all destined to go to Hell or did the King's translators make some gross translational errors? Everyone did go to the grave or sheol..... the same place after they died but just like when you go to any location some live happily and some miserable. The name of a location itself does not necessarily determine the condition under which people exist in "the grave" the OT is replete with the condition of unrighteous folk compared to the righteous who are in the grave or sheol...sheol is the name of the location after death not necessarily the condition of the one there..the ungodly are said never get out of the "what ever you what to translate it as" the godly are promised redemption.... If Hell is real, why don't the Jews, many who know the Old Testament better than most Christians, not believe in the modern Christian concept of Hell? They say they don't believe it because it is not in their Scriptures. Most scholars today can not find Hell in the Old Testament. Most leading Bible translations no longer contain the word Hell in the entire Old Testament. (Genesis through Malachi.) Moot point since it is the descriptions of the contrasted difference between the Godly and ungodly that is specifically addressed as worrisome and any terminology that would or could be used only has any meaning from those descriptions not the other way around. If Hell doesn't exist in the Old Testament, how could Jesus and his disciples teach that salvation was deliverance from a place that is not even found in their Scriptures? (There was only the Old Testament at that time.) Would that not make Him appear like a false teacher? Or could it be that Jesus never taught such a concept in the first place? Could it be that this concept has been added to the church and SOME Bibles through "traditions of men?" The statement that hell does not exist has yet to be demonstrated as correct and is one of the underlying premise for the circular fallacy these arguments attempt to put forward.. .........The unpleasant condition of the unrighteous is replete throughout the OT & NT even if it is not given a specific named location in the OT ...They are assuming that if it is not specifically named therefore it does not exist...............the Condition is what is described in detail even if you argue the location is not named...the condition of the righteous and unrighteous is far more informative then a name.....Ref: "everlasting" see how and with what it is used......If one is going to attempt to use the OT references as proof that "Hell" does not exist then where does the OT does it say that "Hell" does not exist? ( note the quotation marks........ Use whatever term they like..if they don?t like "hell" then use "fluffy bunny rabbit ears" but at the end of the day the scripture outlines a condition of the wicked which is contrasted to the godly and it is that condition that is the problem issue...Any term used to denote that condition described only has meaning in relation to those descriptions not the other way around.) They are attempting to use a non issue to define the issue. If Hell is real, since SOME English translations use the word Hell for the Greek word "Gehenna," in the New Testament, why didn't this same place (Gehenna) get translated Hell in the many places where it appears in the Hebrew form "ga ben Hinnom" in the Old Testament? If the Jews did not understand this valley as a symbol of everlasting torture, why do SOME English translations give this word such a meaning? First this is not the only description for the Ungodly therefore they should have listened to all the scripture and not as this argument attempt to do and just focus on the "favorites" and use the favorites to supercede any and everything else...also Titus 1:10 For there are many unruly and vain talkers and deceivers, specially they of the circumcision: 11. Whose mouths must be stopped, who subvert whole houses, teaching things which they ought not, for filthy lucre's sake. And who burned who in this valley? And what was God's response for Israel doing such a horrible thing to their children? (Jer. 32:33-35) And how could God say "such a thing never entered His mind" if in fact He is going to do the very same thing to most of His own children? The OT may use identical translated terminology found in places of the NT or other places found in the OT but it is defined as with everything else by context..to be in Sheol or the grave or Hell if so translated does not necessarily define the condition of those that are there particularly since the judgment of "eternal Hell" did not begin until...Matthew 25:31. When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: 32. And before him shall be gathered all nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats: 33. And he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. 34. Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world: 35. For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in: 36. Naked, and ye clothed me: I was sick, and ye visited me: I was in prison, and ye came unto me. 37. Then shall the righteous answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, and fed thee? or thirsty, and gave thee drink? 38. When saw we thee a stranger, and took thee in? or naked, and clothed thee? 39. Or when saw we thee sick, or in prison, and came unto thee? 40. And the King shall answer and say unto them, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me. 41. Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels: 42. For I was an hungred, and ye gave me no meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink: 43. I was a stranger, and ye took me not in: naked, and ye clothed me not: sick, and in prison, and ye visited me not. 44. Then shall they also answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, or athirst, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not minister unto thee? 45. Then shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say unto you, Inasmuch as ye did it not to one of the least of these, ye did it not to me. 46. And these shall go away into everlasting punishment: but the righteous into life eternal. .....................1Peter 4:17: For the time is come that judgment must begin at the house of God: and if it first begin at us, what shall the end be of them that obey not the gospel of God? 18: And if the righteous scarcely be saved, where shall the ungodly and the sinner appear? The sacrificing of their Children to God in a fire is what had not entered into God?s mind... not fire itself.....which also points out that if was not in Gods mind how did it get in theirs?..umm,,, His own children.......None of God?s children will be in hell only children of the devil/ rebellion/ perdition.Matthew 25:31. When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: 32. And before him shall be gathered all nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats: 33. And he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left. If Hell was real and the grave settled the matter forever, why did the early Christians offer up prayers for the dead? (Ref. # 1) I did not read where the Apostles taught that but I do read where we were not to think beyond what is written...?ummm If Hell was real, why did the first comparatively complete systematic statement of Christian doctrine ever given to the world by Clement of Alexandria, A.D. 180, contain the tenet of universal salvation? (Ref. #1) If Hell was real, why did the first complete presentation of Christianity (Origen, 220 A.D.) contain the doctrine of universal salvation? (Ref #1) Wow!...."the first complete presentation of Christianity" ........Colossians 1:6 For the hope which is laid up for you in heaven, whereof ye heard before in the word of the truth of the gospel;6Which is come unto you, as it is in all the world; and bringeth forth fruit, as it doth also in you, since the day ye heard of it, and knew the grace of God in truth: If Hell was real, why did the early church appoint an avowed universalist as the President of the second council of the church in Constantinople in the fourth century? (Gregory Nazianzen, 325-381) If Hell was real, why did Church leaders as late as the fourth century AD acknowledge that the majority of Christians believed in the salvation of all mankind? (Ref, #1) If Hell was real, why didn't the church teach it until AFTER the church departed from reading the Bible in Greek and Hebrew, substituting Latin in its stead several centuries after Christ's death? (Ref #1, 2, 7) If Hell was real, why did not a single Christian writer of the first 3 centuries declare universalism as a heresy? (Ref. #1) If Hell was real why didn't a single one of the early creeds express any idea contrary to universal restoration, or in favor of everlasting punishment in Hell? (Ref. #1) If Hell was real why did not a single Church council for the first five hundred years condemn Universalism as heresy considering the fact that they made many declarations of heresy on other teachings? (Ref. #1) If Hell was real, why did most of the early church's leading scholars and most revered saints advocate universal salvation? (Ref. #1) If Hell was real, how is it that the most prominent universalists of the early church were born into Christian families and were most highly revered by their peers while those who advocated Hell came from paganism and confessed they were among the vilest? (Tertullian and Augustine) (Ref. #1) ....As if the writings of the "Early Church fathers" carry as much or even more weight and authority then the actually writings of the Prophets & Apostles themselves....if they don?t then why do they use them while ignoring what is found in scripture (Use the Early Church fathers to determine the meaning of the P&A) .......if they do carry as much or more weight then how do they know they interpreted the "early church fathers" writings correctly? Salvation is Universal (it is for everyone) but that is not the same thing as all mankind will be saved obedient or disobedient.....you don?t get the free gift if you do not bother to call out.......Our adherence is not to the "early".Christians, it is to the teachings of Christ via the written testimony of scripture and the Apostles ..the first Christians did not believe that all mankind was going to be saved that is why they worked tirelessly, warning folk about the fire that did not exist..?..To say that they did not is what these arguments are attempting to prove it therefore cannot be assumed true as the proof that it is true (eternal punishment is specifically found in scripture where "eternal punishment does not exist" is not,... it could only be true if you assert it is true first then use that assertion as the premise for ignoring/ interpreting any and all specific descriptions of eternal punishment or curses to make that argument, ..circular fallacy) .........Also if you are going to use the "early Christians" argument then you have no excuse for not accepting Roman & or Greek orthodoxy since those "early Christians" adhered/ defined them. If Hell was real and found in the original Greek manuscripts of the Bible, why is it that it was primarily those church leaders who either couldn't read Greek (Minucius Felix, Tertullian), or hated Greek as in the case of Augustine, that the doctrine of Hell was advocated? Those early church leaders familiar with the Greek and Hebrew (the original languages of the Bible) saw universal salvation in those texts. Those who advocated Hell got it from the Latin, NOT from the original Greek and Hebrew. Who would more likely be correct--those who could read the original languages of the Bible or those who read a Latin translation made by one man (Jerome)? (Ref. #1) If Hell was real why do most leading historians acknowledge that the early church was dominated by universalism? (Ref. #1, 7) So what..? The early church was not without problems nor is it the benchmark of truth..1Chorinthians 4: 6And these things, brethren, I have in a figure transferred to myself and to Apollos for your sakes; that ye might learn in us not to think of men above that which is written, that no one of you be puffed up for one against another. Again the descriptions and contrast of the eternal condition of the ungodly v Godly is in Greek and Hebrew .............not that this question even has a clue about greek and hebrew but there is no point here terminology is defined by the descriptions found in the context itself...i do not have to say "hell" to describe .............eternal torment, fire, brimstone, weeping, gashing of teeth, where the worm does not die in total darkness. (I did not even mention a name for that place, where ever it is.......how about that...maybe I wasn?t talking about anything .!?) Many are called few are chosen Matthew 22:14 ;Matthew 7:221-23..what the moral majority is the "true" bench mark? Acts 20:29: Titus 1:10 If Hell was real then why did four out of six theological schools from 170 AD to 430 AD teach universal salvation while the only one that taught Hell was in Carthage, Africa, again were Latin was the teaching language, not Greek? (Ref. #1, 2, 7) If Hell was real why didn't Epiphanius (c. 315-403) the "hammer of heretics" who listed 80 heresies of his time not list universalism among those heresies? (Ref. #1) If Hell was real, since most historians would acknowledge today that Origen was perhaps the most outstanding example of early universalism in the church, when Methodius, Eusibius, Pamphilus, Marcellus, Eustathius, and Jerome made their lists of Origen's heresies, why wasn't universalism among them? Could it be perhaps that it wasn't a heresy in the original church? (Ref. #1) So who is authoritative here Origen or the others..how does this prove that scripture denies eternal punishment? If Hell was real and a serious heresy, why was it not until the sixth century when Justinian, a half-pagan emperor, tried to make universalism a heresy? Interestingly, most historians will acknowledge that Justinian's reign was among the most cruel and ruthless. (Ref. #1) And that means What? What is the standard for doctrine men or scripture....how do know that it was not a long over due condemnation?? The questions are meaningless unless you insist on going outside of scriptures for a "sign" as to how to read scriptures If Hell was real, since the early church was closest to the apostles and since they were closest to the original manuscripts of the Bible, why did the vast majority of the early Christian believers NOT believe in Hell as a place of everlasting burnings? (Ref. #1, 2, 7) If closeness counts then why not just take what the Apostles wrote? If you cant take them then how can we ensure our interpretations of the "Early Church"....if the message of the originals is not preserved in what we have today then how do you know that?.... and obviously we are going to need to thought out the whole written word of God thing... If Hell was real and all died NOT because of their transgressions but because of Adam's transgression (Rom 5:18), why do many Christians not see what is plainly written, that "even so through one Man's righteous act the free gift came to ALL MEN, resulting in JUSTIFICATION OF LIFE!" (Rom. 5:18) Again the Gift is free and it is for all men but only those men who call on the name of the lord receive the gift of God?s Grace/work of salvation.....All men will not receive it, but not because of God This Scripture declares the FACT that all are justified due to Christ's righteous act. No one "decided" to die in Adam, it was "reckoned" to us. Equally no one "decided" to "receive eternal life," it is also "reckoned" to us. (A thorough understanding of Romans Chapter five carefully comparing several English translations would be a very good exercise. The omission of the definite article "the" in Rom. 5:15 before the word "many" in some translations has caused some great misunderstanding of this most important chapter of the Bible.) If Hell is real, in Romans 5:19, the "many" who were made sinners were actually "all" of the human race.......... Why is the "many" who were made "righteous" not equally be "all" of the human race? "For as by one man's disobedience MANY were made sinners, so also by one Man's obedience MANY will be made righteous." ..Without going into a deep discussion ........ Maybe Just maybe his focus here is on and referring to those people who would latter be redeemed (like Daniel) via the Messiah and not everyone like the "wicked" he keeps referring to in the OT that will receive an everlasting curse for their disobedience............ummm If Hell is real and everlasting, why does Psalm 30:5 say His anger is but for a moment? And once it is accomplished God nor the faithful will be concerned about where they went If Hell is real one would never know it by the actions of most Christians. They go through life pretty much like atheists, pagans, etc. If they really believed in Hell, they would spend their entire life trying to snatch their friends and relatives from the burning flames. If Hell is real, why don't they do this? If that is true of Hell then why is it not true of Heaven?..o that?s right ......everyone is going to heaven so it doesn?t matter what you do or do not do....what is the point of Christianity again?? If Hell is a real place of merciless endless torture, since God knows the beginning from the end, why didn't God just kill Adam and Eve and end the long terrible chain of misery that passed to their offspring before it began? After all, the Scriptures say that all died BECAUSE of Adam. (Rom. 5:18) "Predestination" was before the foundation of the world itself If Hell is real, why is it not mentioned in most leading English Bible translations until Matthew? (Most Bible translations now acknowledge Sheol should NOT ever be translated Hell as the King James Bible incorrectly did.) If Hell was real, and if Paul was commissioned by God to preach the gospel to the nations, why did Paul not mention Hell even once except to declare victory over it? (1 Cor. 15:55, the word death in this passage is the word "Hades" which some translations of the Bible also translate Hell.) Moot....If salvation is via Christ then we would have victory over Hades, hell and any other negative descriptions regardless of which one or term he is referring too...because Death or Hades itself is cast into the Lake of fire..and if you are in Hades.??...if A is in B and B is in C then A is in C If Hell was real and easy to define and find in the Bible, why did the translators of the original 1611 King James Bible find it so difficult to define Hades? They put Hell in the text at Rev. 20:13 and "Or, grave" in the margins while putting "grave" in the text and "Or, Hell" in the margins in 1 Cor. 15:55? Seems they couldn't make up their minds whether Hades meant Hell or grave. (Recent editions have removed the marginal readings thus avoiding the embarrassment.) If Hell is real, why are there many English Bible translations which do NOT contain the word Hell at all nor do they contain the concept of "everlasting torments"? (Ref. #6) If Hell was real and the belief that there is no Hell is a deception from Satan, why is it that those born from above Christians who DON'T believe in Hell seem to manifest more of the nature and fruit of the Spirit than those who teach Hell? Surely those who believe that Jesus is the Savior of all mankind manifest more love towards their enemies than do serious Hell-fire types. Could it be that we begin to manifest what we worship? If we believe God loves all mankind and plans to save it, then we have no excuse but to do the same. However, if we believe God will cast away most of mankind, then we begin to manifest the very same spirit here on earth. Emotional... absent of any biblical descriptions or instructions. If there is a Hell and salvation is the deliverance from it, why does the word appear only a dozen times or so in most leading selling Bibles like the NIV, NASB, NRSV, NKJV, etc. as compared to the word Heaven which appears hundreds of times? If Hades is Hell and there is no escape from it, why is it emptied and cast into the Lake of Fire along with death. (Rev. 20:14) If the Lake of Fire is actually a place of everlasting burnings, why isn't it defined as such? !?Yea!?... why cant we get everything we need from this one verse.....We should demand that every detail of every issue/point to be found anywhere in scripture contain all details found in every other verses that address that same issue/point so that every verse would essentially contain the entirety of all of scriptures descriptions in any one verse .......O wait minuet, we do have all of scripture...!?? The Bible calls it the "second death," that is, the death of the first death. One would think that the death of death would be LIFE, which is a good thing! (Rev. 20:14) Even in mathematics two negatives make a positive. If you have no life in you because you are dead and death goes to the lake of fire .............. A is in B and B is in C then A is in C If there is a Hell and all who have sinned are destined to go there (which is everyone) unless they figure out how to avoid it, does that not consign all aborted babies and most children to Hell? (Dear Reader, while some denominations teach a so-called "age of accountability," it is NOT found anywhere in the Bible. It is just some people's way of trying to make God more humane than the Hell teaching makes Him out to be.) If all things were made for GOD'S pleasure, is it conceivable that God would derive pleasure from seeing those He created endlessly tortured? If there is a Hell and according to most denominations of Christianity the majority of mankind will go there, could you really enjoy heaven knowing your mother or father or children or best friend are suffering everlasting tortures the likes of which would make the Holocaust seem like a picnic? If the Rich Man and Lazarus story (Luke chapter 16) is real and NOT a parable, then we will be able to converse with our loves ones who did not make it into heaven. Would heaven really be paradise if this were true? If Hell is real and a place of eternal separation from God, why would Paul the apostle say the goal of God's creative plan was to ultimately be "all IN all?" (1 Cor. 15:28) If Hell is real since there is only one name under heaven by which men might be saved (Acts 4:12), why did God wait thousands of years and millions of souls after Adam's fall to provide the name and means of salvation? Are all those before Jesus' birth damned forever because they never heard of the death, burial, and resurrection of Christ? Would that be just? (Remember the Mosaic Law can never "save" anyone and it was only for Israel. Rom. 3:20) If Hell is a real place of everlasting punishment and if Jesus died in our place to save us from this fate, wouldn't Jesus have to be eternally punished if in fact He took our punishment upon Himself? But He's NOT being eternally punished. He DIED which is what the penalty of the wages of sin is, DEATH, NOT everlasting life of unending torture or eternal death (annihilation). If Hell is real why do some of the best Bible scholars and Bible teachers say it is NOT in the Greek or Hebrew text? (William Barclay, John A.T. Robinson, Lightfoot, Westcott, F.W. Farrar, Marvin Vincent, etc.) If Hell is real why is it that those who preach it the most look more like Pharisees and the devil, while those who believe in the salvation of all mankind seem to be more loving and merciful than strong Hell-fire believers? It's a plain fact that the colder less loving one is the easier it is to teach Hell while the more loving one becomes the harder it is to talk about Hell. Is heaven full of cold unloving people? If Hell is real and everlasting, why is it thrown into the Lake of Fire to be destroyed? And why is Hell never called the Lake of Fire nor the Lake of Fire ever called Hell if in fact they are the same thing? If Hell is real and the devil and all his works and people are to be thrown into it to stay alive forever, doesn't that violate Jesus' statement that He came to "destroy" the works of the devil? (1 John 3:8) Bottom line...is a lake of fire better????..regardless of the term you think they used or were supposed to have used does anyone want to go to a "lake of fire"?.........So wrapped up in the term "hell" you actually miss what is described........ you can?t use "lake of fire" to argue against hell because hell is not the term translated there as "lake of fire"... as for "He came to destroy the works of the devil" that is what everlasting destruction is?????... 2Thes 1:9Who shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power; If Hell is real and the greatest part of mankind eventually goes there, wouldn't Jesus be considered a great failure considering the fact He was sent to save the whole world? And if He failed so miserably this time to accomplish the will of the Father, can one really trust that He won't fail again? (1 Tim. 2:3,4 KJV; Heb. 10:9) We who believe that Jesus will save the world obviously do NOT believe He failed??He will save all of us. If Hell is real it must have been created at some time. Why doesn't the Bible tell us when Hell (as traditionally taught) was created? Could it be that the Bible fails to mention its creation because it was never created in the first place? If Hell is real and it is plainly seen in the original languages of the Bible, why is there such a great discrepancy among Bible translations as to which words should be translated Hell? (Ref. #6) If Hell is real and most of mankind ends up there, how can God have promised Abraham that in him ALL the families of the earth will be blessed? (Gen. 12:3) If Hell is real and Matthew chapter 24 says and means that the goat nations will go to "everlasting punishment," how can God promise to Abraham that "all the nations of the earth shall be blessed by him? (Gen. 18:18) Does God not keep His promises? If Hell is real, does that mean that motherly love is more powerful and enduring than God's love? Do you know of normal mothers who would endlessly torment most of her kids. Do you know "normal" Fathers who would do such a thing? Why do we believe our heavenly Father, who is millions of times more loving than all of us combined, could do such an evil, wicked thing? If Hell is real, is justice being served considering the fact that finite crimes would receive infinite punishment? If Hell is real, since all is out of Jesus Christ, does that mean Hell comes out of Jesus Christ? (Rom. 36:11) If Hell is real and all the different types of crimes committed here on earth receive the same punishment (endless torture) does "justice" not suffer? If Hell is real and a person gets caught stealing and goes to jail for it and does his time, is it just for God to still punish him eternally for that crime? Is this not "double indemnity?" If Hell is real, since some people receive many chances to "get saved," some receive only a few chances and billions have never even received one chance, does that make God a respecter of persons? (Acts 10:34, James 3:17) If Hell is real and is the fate of all mankind because of Adam's transgression, if all are not saved through the last Adam, Jesus Christ, does that not make the transgression of the first Adam greater than the redeeming act of Jesus? (Rom. Chapter 5) If Hell is real and most of mankind is doomed to go there, does that not violate the declaration of Paul who said that Christ's righteous act on the cross gave ALL mankind a free gift resulting in justification of life?! (Rom. 5:18) If Hell is real and God's wrath abides upon billions of human beings FOREVER, some being your relatives and friends (or it could be you), doesn't that violate the Scripture which says His anger WILL come to an end? (Isaiah 57:16-18) If Hell was real and you went there, would you consider that good? (Psalm 145:9 says all will praise Him.) If Hell was real and you were consigned to it, would you praise Him for sending you there? (Psalm 145:10) If Hell is real and most of mankind will fall into this fiery pit, if there is not escape out of it, would this not violate the Scripture that says He raises ALL who fall? (Psalm 145:14) If Hell is really a place from which there is no escape, why does God turn man to destruction and then give the command to return from it? (Psalm 90:3) If Hell is "everlasting" destruction," how can man return? (2 Thess. 1:9) If Hell is real and most find their way to it, was Jesus lying when He said that He would "draw" ("drag" in the original Greek) all mankind unto Himself? (John 12:32) This is part of the whole free will issue If Hell is real, since Jesus ultimately fills ALL things, will Jesus fill Hell as well? ((Eph. 4:10) How can Hell be eternal separation from God is Jesus fills Hell with Himself? First ignores context of above all heavens.........Christ never said he was going to fill hell with himself.......... it did not say fill all things with himself it said he himself will fill all things ........The Great Judge will fill "hell" with those who rejected him...cast into the lake of fire If Hell is real and Jesus is the Heir of all things, does that mean He inherits Hell as well? (Heb. 1:2) If Hell is real, since God will have all men be saved and come to the knowledge of the truth (1 Tim. 2:3 KJV), does that mean God's power is not strong enough to have His will fulfilled? Is man's will more powerful than God's? If Hell is real, would that not violate the plain Scripture of the "restitution of all things?" (Acts 3:21) If Hell is real and eternal separation from God, why does the Scripture say, "All flesh will come to God?" (Psalm 65:2-4) If Hell is real and most people don't get "born again," doesn't that make abortionists the greatest evangelists of all since they kill the babies before they can enter the world to begin their life of sin? (Gory thought, but think about it.) If Hell is real and there is no escape from it, how can the Scriptures speak of the gathering of all things into Christ? (Eph. 1:10) Sure pretend there is no qualifier in that verse..........gather all things "in Christ"....How do you get in Christ? Then if you are not in Christ ...?..........Who or where in scripture states there is no escape from it..I rather thought the whole Gospel of Christ was about escaping the wrath to come...I dano though maybe John the Baptist was probably just a crazy wild man... and Jesus was one of his disciples..?!?..~:}o..............key point: the Wrath to come is eternal but it began in that generation just like coming of Christ and the judgment did too.. f Hell is real and God were human, we would give Him a death sentence for all the cruel things we say He is going to do to most of mankind? If Hell is real and most people around you are on their way to it, how can you talk with them and not beg them each and everyday to be saved? How can you not go crazy at just the thought of their fate? Now how does me going crazy or not determine what God did and did not do???? If Hell is real and you have "unsaved" family, friends, and business associates, when was the last time you went to them on your knees begging them to get saved? And if you haven't done this recently yet still believe their fate is everlasting punishment, don't you deserve to go to Hell yourself for being so callused and non-caring? Drama!....who does not have the word of God available to them if they do and chose not to listen to the word of God why should they give more weight to anyone else...i am personly happy to discuss the issue when people so desire.... Luke 16:29Abraham saith unto him, They have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.30And he said, Nay, father Abraham: but if one went unto them from the dead, they will repent.31And he said unto him, If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded, though one rose from the dead...Must be true! Christ rose from the dead and they don?t believe him about the very thing under consideration here..? ...I Prefer to let God and not man determine who is "worthy" or not.................which all these arguments really bring to the forefront ..........how mans describes how God should or would do things v How God describes that he does things If Hell is real, how does the threat of endlessly torturing us convince us that God loves us and that we should love Him with all our heart, soul, mind and strength? If Hell was real and the "full" gospel was designed to reach all mankind, doesn't that make the results of the "full" gospel pretty "empty" considering that fact that most people are in Hell according to traditional theology? Not due to God?s lack of Love ..he provided salvation because he loved man but again does not force man to obey him .......He will force men to suffer the consequences of mans disobedience. If Hell was real, does that mean Jesus raised the wicked from an unconscious state, make them alive only to be endlessly tortured? Wouldn't it be more merciful to just leave them eternally unconscious (which some believe)? (Ecc. 9:5; John 11:11) If Hell is real and God only loves those who love Him, what better is He than the sinner? (Luke 6:32-33) Can you REALLY call eternally torturing your own children love? If Hell is real, since "love thinketh no evil," can God design the ultimate evil of a single soul? (1 Cor. 13:5) If Hell is real, since"love worketh no ill," can God inflict, or cause, or allow to be inflicted, an endless ill? (Rom. 13:10) If Hell is real, since we are forbidden to be overcome by evil, can we safely suppose that God will be overcome by evil? (Rom. 12:21) Would not the infliction of endless punishment prove that God HAD been overcome by evil? If Hell is real, if man does wrong in returning evil for evil, would not God do wrong if He was to do the same? Who defines evil man or God who is the judge of when one is overcome by evil man or God?...........Only if God is subject to God?s own ordinances he gives to Man but God lays claim to Vengeance and ultimate authority for himself...only if God is limited and on the same level or pecking order of power understanding, love and righteousness as man, since God defines all those terms anyway it is not possible to make that argument again attempts to evaluate/ contemplate the nature of God first and then use that evaluation to interpret of invalidate the only information about God from God....circular fallacy.. (Rom. 12:20,21) Would not endless punishment be the return of evil for evil? As we are commanded "to overcome evil with good," may we not safely infer that God will do the same? Would the infliction of endless punishment be overcoming evil with good? If Hell is real, if God hates the sinner, does the sinner do wrong in hating Him? If Hell is real, if God loves His enemies now, will he not always love them? Is God a changeable being? (James 1:17) If Hell is real, is it just for God to be "kind to the evil and unthankful," in their present life? (Luke 6:35) Would it be unjust for God to be kind to all men in a future state? If Hell is real, if all men justly deserve endless punishment, will not those who are saved, be saved unjustly? If Hell is real, would it be merciful in God to inflict endless punishment--that is, merciful to the sufferer? How and who defines Justly or unjustly..You or God.......If he did not specifically define those terms how can you do that for him?..this is a classic example of a evaluation of the nature of God before the information about God is received..just as the argument about God alone only having a free will attempts to do If Hell is real, if the demands of divine justice are opposed to the requirements of mercy, is not God divided against Himself? If the requirements of mercy are opposed to the demands of the justice of God, can His kingdom stand? -- (Mark 3:24) If Hell is real, does not judgment triumph over mercy and thus contradict this Scripture? (James 2:13) If Hell is real, if you had sufficient power would you not deliver all men from sin? If God WOULD save all men, but CANNOT, is He infinite in power? How so.....Mercy itself is conditional..at lest how God describes it and the method by which one obtains it... If Hell is real, if God CAN save all men, but WILL NOT, is He infinite in goodness? Depends on how you define "infinite in Goodness".......as well as Gods limitations....God claims to have limitations you know...This does not exclude a limit to it?s functionality because it would only operate within the parameters God defines for it infinite or not it neither negates "infinite goodness" nor does it prohibit God from determining how that "infinite Goodness" is applied. If Hell is real and created by God, does it not stand against God's DESIRE the salvation of all men? (1 Tim. 2:3-4) Again, only has meaning if you assume that God is the only one with a will of his own Since God is righteous, must not the desire for universal salvation be a RIGHTEOUS desire? Who defines what is righteous man or God if God then you cant use mans definition to define God?s work..the point is this is man sitting in the temple of God showing himself that he is God or makes the determination for what God should and should not be. Is it true, that "the desire of the righteous shall be granted?" -- (Prov. 10:24) "To the righteous" and the righteous do not go against the dictates of God rather they accept them...even the desire of the righteous is described as salvation and communion with God and that is and was given just as promised......that is the whole point of the Gospel of Christ ...this argument only makes any sense if the desire of the righteous and what righteousness is in the first place is defined external of scripture and then that meaning forced on this verse. If Hell is real, would endless misery benefit the Almighty, as the INFLICTOR? Would endless misery benefit the saints, as SPECTATORS? Away from his presences, outer darkness...... don?t think anyone is going to notice their suffering.....part of the whole horror of it all.....no one will care. Would endless misery benefit the sinner, as the SUFFERER? If Hell is real and endless punishment is the "wages of sin," could the sinner ever receive payment in full? (Rom. 6:23) If Hell is real and sin is infinite, can it be true that, "where sin abounded grace did MUCH MORE abound?" --(Rom. 5:20) If Hell is real, if ONE sin deserves an eternity of punishment, how much punishment will TEN sins deserve? What and who defines "deserves" in the first place?..what would it matter? If Hell is real, yet God "openeth his hand and satisfieth the desire of every living thing" -- (Ps. 145:16), If I desire all men be saved, will God satisfy my desire? Is it good to desire all men to be saved? "This is GOOD and acceptable in the sight of God our Savior who DESIRES ALL MEN TO BE SAVED and to come to the knowledge of the truth." (1 Tim. 2:3,4) Yes but this does not say all men will only that God desires or is willing it ..gets back to the will of God v the will of man......the argument could only make sense if there was no will external of Gods will............... If Hell is real and you are a Calvinist, were you "responsible" for getting into heaven? Then why do you take the responsibility for those going to Hell away from God and put it on those you say are going to Hell? Is God "sovereign" only over the "elect?"same issue, who & how is defining Sovereign..also demonstrates how one false doctrine leads to another.........Again, only has meaning if you assume that God is the only one with a will of his own If Hell is real and God is our Father and our Potter (Isaiah 64:8,9) did He make mostly junk and are most of the children He raised misfits worthy only to be thrown away and endlessly tortured? Only if you believe that God did not create will external of his own so as to give man his own choice ..salvation via Christ or eternal punishment for not Do we not hold parents responsible for their children's outcome? If we use the same standards towards God's "fathering" abilities, according to the doctrine of endless punishment, our Father did a very poor job in raising His At some point the Children become responsible for themselves.........Adam did not sin as a child he did so as a man and eve as a woman (think about that one).... If Hell is real and a person is considered foolish trying to build a tower without first seeing if he has enough resources with which to complete it, wouldn't Jesus also be foolish if He purposed to save the world but only came away with a part of it? And wouldn't Jesus appear foolish if He came to destroy the works of the devil but left most of the devil's work continuing endlessly in the Lake of Fire? Wouldn't He be found guilty of not counting the costs before He began?(Luke 14:28-32) Bazaar to attempt to use the teachings of Christ in vague manner to invalidate the plain specific teachings of Christ...all false doctrines do this with scripture...... If Hell is real and since probably less than one percent of the world's population ever got "born again" and stayed on the straight and narrow, doesn't this fly in the face of Jesus' words which says He leaves the ninety-nine to find the one and doesn't give up until He finds it? (Luke 15:4) ninety and nine of his sheep not the goats or the Devils flock If Hell is real and a place of terrible pain, why is it that we wouldn't think of sending our pets to such a place yet don't blink an eye at the thought of God sending His very own children to such a place? If Hell is real and universalism is a heresy, why is it that those who believe God loves all and will save all find it easier to love all people than those who believe most people are going to Hell? (Think this through very carefully.) Going to hell is not a matter of what anyone thinks or likes it is a matter of how things worked as defined by God not man. If Hell is real, will you judge your mother, son, or other non-believer to Hell? "Do ye not know that the saints "shall judge the world"? and if the world shall be judged by you, are ye unworthy to judge the smallest matters? Know ye not that we shall judge angels? how much more things that pertain to this life?" 1 Corinthians 6:2-3 "Other non believer" this argument must presuppose that Christ did not mean what he said by who soever believeth not shall be dammed..but then again what does dammed really mean..Do we let scripture define or describe that or do we do it? As with anything if you only focus your attention on "your favorite Scriptures"/ term in this case, say the scriptures that speak of God?s work and love then use you determinations of those scriptures external of all the rest then force your determinations of Gods love on all the rest that speak of his vengeance then assert that those scriptures either can?t be part of the original/true or they don?t mean what they plainly state...........this is fallaciously circular application of scripture...this is the reason there are so many diverse doctrines. Anyone can make the bible say just about anything they want to if they focus on one verse or term or set of verses external of all the rest...there are plenty of verses of scripture that can be read or understood in many ways depending on what else you ignore or additional commentary you ascribe to a meaning............then take your conclusions about those verses no matter how vague they may or may not support a given argument and then apply them to any and everything else no matter how specific...Now the specif is subordinate to the vague..all you need is get acceptance of a vague argument to supercede a specific statement through in a little "was not in the originals" & or "really should be translated as.....which really means" ( proof for this assertion, of course, is the "obvious" conclusion itself) and anything goes! ..so how does one know when and if that is the case....use the specific references to any given subject to define outline that subject then and only then use logical conclusions from that to understand where vague references appear to be move from greatest specific to less specific to evaluate the vague and non existent..You don?t have to produce a scripture with the term "hell" in it to produce one with eternal punishment call it what you like it?s the eternal punishment that should be of concern not the term "hell" itself. Allen Daves <allendaves@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: OK,.. Give me a few more days I am a little behind on some other things .....Let me just say this to maybe open the door for anyone else to comment on........ I affirm that Hell is a real Place of eternal torment for those who reject Christ. j a <ja_777_aj@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: Thanks Allen! I have a couple articles I would appreciate your comment on any of them (since they are all similar), whenever you have time. About hell not being at all what is commonly taught. www.myth-one.com/chapter_26.htm www.tentmaker.org/articles/ifhellisreal.htm www.what-the-hell-is-hell.com/fromhellseternaldeath.htm www.helltruth.com/home/hathhellnofury/tabid/253/default.aspx Thanks, James... Allen Daves <allendaves@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: Thanks Ja, This is the best I could do with the time I have ..I am happy to address anything else in here that anyone feels I missed or that I have written.......... ..the existence of evil poses no challenge to the Christian concept of God, or to any aspect of Christianity. Instead, it is the non-Christian worldviews that cannot make sense of the existence of evil, if they can have a concept of evil at all.Good so far.... .He concludes his essay with Although many people are fond of challenging Christians with the problem of evil, the truth is that Christianity is the only worldview in which the existence of evil does not create a logical problem. .............However, Much of what is between is a mess of logical contradictions and invalid methodologies.... The doctrine of "free will" is unbiblical and heretical, and some have even followed the doctrine to its next logical step in saying that if man were to be truly free, then God cannot really know for certain what man would do, thus denying the omniscience of God. But even then, God knew that it was possible for free will to produce extreme and horrendous evil, so that the same problem remains. Scripture teaches that God's will determines everything. Nothing exists or happens without God, not merely permitting, but actively willing it to exist or happen: This position effectively states that God is either unable to create freewill by virtue of his "Omnipotence" or He did not decree man to have free will....fine.. But that is the issue that he must demonstrate first .....the problem is his methodology is backwards with scripture. He attempts to define the meaning of scripture based on his logical conclusions about GOD'S SOVEREIGNTY...Here is where he does it.. The Bible teaches that the non-Christian is a sinner, and at the same time teaches that he lacks the ability to obey God. This means that man is morally responsible even if he lacks moral ability; that is, man must obey God even if he cannot obey God. It is sinful for a person to disobey God whether or not he has the ability to do otherwise. Thus moral responsibility is not grounded on moral ability or on free will; rather, moral responsibility 6 is grounded on God's sovereignty ? man must obey God's commands because God says that man must obey, and whether or not he has the ability to obey is irrelevant.If it is mans capacity is truly irrelevant for Gods commands then why does he use mans capacity to attempt to argue the nature of God?s command..? Even Hittler gave orders that could not be kept did not mean that some of the orders he gave could be kept...so what? Its only irrelevant if all commands can't be kept... As I have pointed out the law was never meant to save anyone in that it was predestined that Jesus would do that.......He then makes quite a leap here. Thus moral responsibility is not grounded on moral ability or on free will..If it does not matter whether or not he has the ability to do otherwise and ability is irrelevant then why wouldn?t God command what man is able...better yet , if he commands it how can they not do it...... if all is by God?s command in the first place ,..you must demonstrate that all commands cannot be kept not just assert that man can?t keep any command because there are commands he could not...!?.. If man obeys because of God?s Sovereignty to command it then why don?t all men obey since he command all men everywhere to repent?Acts17:30 and More importantly if as he latter asserts God decrees evil too then how is anything that anyone does contrary to God?s command or will ?....Latter he asserts that God decrees evil as well...obedience as well as disobedience (whatever disobedience would mean if everything is by God?s decree/command how is it disobedient or contrary to his will ..?)...even the evil and sinners in the world would be obeying God by his definition of God's SOVEREIGNTY... ( keep the Commandment of God if as the argument goes he commands everything)......if it is not contrary to his will or he does not command disobedience then what is the argument?..... how does the fact that we have the responsibility to obey even if we cant obey exclude the possibility that we can obey? ... if God Commands/decrees all to obey then how could anyone not obey since he commanded it?....If God Decrees all then there is no such thing as "Against his will" or "in accordance with his will" since as they argue everything is by SOVEREIGN decree anyway....this is foolishness of the highest order and rejects any and all of Gods Descriptions of his own nature....... this is the epitome of man siting in the temple of God showing himself that he is God....forget what God states hear how I reason it..!? Although many professing Christians use the free will defense, and to some people the explanation may sound reasonable, it is an irrational and unbiblical theodicy ? it fails to answer the problem of evil, and it contradicts Scripture. First, this approach only postpones addressing the problem, in that it transforms the debate from why evil exists in God's universe to why God created a universe with the potential for such great evil.Second, Christians affirm that God is omniscient, so that he did not create the universe and humankind realizing only that they had the potential to become evil; rather, he knew for certain that there would be evil. Thus either directly or indirectly, God created evil. Which is exactly what he asserts at toward the end that God is the cause of evil If and only if God did not or could not created free will external of his own will to be "Against his will"...the fact that He is God and Doesn?t not have to give man choice is not a valid argument that he did not...........these are not arguments, they are just assertions that he did not create free will by virtue of the fact that he dose not have to....!!!!????.If by the end anyone feels I have not answered the question of Evil please bring that to my attention with a specific question 2 We may distinguish between natural evil and moral evil ? natural evil includes natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods, whereas moral evil refers to the wicked actions that rational creatures commit. Now, even if the free will defense provides a satisfactory explanation for moral evil, it fails to adequately address natural evil. Some Christians may claim that it is moral evil that leads to natural evil; however, only God has the power to create a relationship between the two, so that earthquakes and floods do not have any necessary connections with murder and theft unless God makes it so ? that is, unless God decides to cause earthquakes and floods because of murder and theft committed by hiscreatures. Thus God again appears to be the ultimate cause of evil, whether natural or moral.Even if Adam's sin had brought death and decay, not only to mankind but also to the animals, Scripture insists that not one sparrow can die apart from God's will (Matthew 10:29). That is, if there is any connection between moral evil and natural evil, the connection is not inherent (as if anything is inherent apart from God's will), but rather sovereignly imposed by God. Even the seemingly insignificant cannot occur without, not merely the permission, but the active will and decree of God. Christians are not deists ? we do not believe that this universe operates by a set of natural laws that are independent from God. The Bible shows us that God is now actively running the universe, so that nothing can happen or continue apart from God's active power and decree (Colossians 1:17; Hebrews 1:3). If we should use the term at all, what we call "natural laws" are only descriptions about how God regularly acts, although he is by no means bound to act in those ways. If that is true Then God really is the Author and Progenitor of evil, which is argument toward the end..... . But what necessitates that God is the author of evil?....Ironically many who argue against free will miss that if God did not create free will eternal of God?s own will there can be no "against his will" or even evil that God does not create..... Because to argue that there is no free will external of God?s own will and as he claims here God is now actively running the universe, so that nothing can happen or continue apart from God's active power and decree ..(the devil lies murders ect)...really does make God specifically and directly responsible for, author, creator and sustainer of all evil.. Because as he asserts nothing can happen without God decreeing it ..only a created free will external of God?s own will could keep God innocent of the lies and murder that he (God himself) has decreed and created if in fact God created it..........God stated John 8:44.He was a murder from the beginning....when he speaketh a lie, he specketh of his own for he is the father of it ....where did Satan get his own unless God gave him the ability to make his own?.If God Gave him the ability to make his own then truly it is Satan?s own but if Satan and man cannot do anything external of God?s will then God is the only one who can will and creates anything that exist....then everything that exist is in accordance with God?s will ther is no such thing as contrary to the will of God.. lies murder ect........unless of course God did not really mean that it was from Satan?s own..maybe God is just passing the buck on to Satan..... He?s God he can do that right? But if God is just playing with words then does it change who actually created and sustains all the evil?.....ummmmm..latter we see that is exactly what Mr Cheung argues. Therefore, although we may affirm that man has a will as a function of the mind, so that the mind indeed makes choices, these are never free choices, because everything that has to do with every decision is determined by God. Since the will is never free, we should never use the free will theodicy when addressing the problem of evil. This is a important premises for his arguments.....It is based on something ........but what is it based on?....his experience of and with God? How does he know that God has determined every decision? To know something beforehand is not the same thing as determine it any more then I know before hand everyone will not agree with what i say........ I am not determining/controlling that............or maybe I am..ummm.......God claimed foreknowledge He does not claim to be the progenitor of evil or of everything in the universe...He simply concludes that (at the end of his free will arguments) based on his assertions here to make his case ...How does he know that God cannot create "free will" external of God?s own will? When did God tell him that? In fact if God cannot create "free will" external of Gods will, by virtue of the fact that God is so Sovereign and Omnipotent then how can God be Sovereign & or Omnipotent? How does he define God?s determination external of scripture then use that to define What the scriptures states to justify his argument...!? This is his circular fallacy. The only way to define what God can and cannot do or what God has and has not done is if God tell us. We can not logically deduce it from our understanding first and then use that to define Gods word because the only and all understanding we have of what God did or did not do or can and cannot do comes from God?s word in the first place. Christians must reject the free will defense simply because Scripture rejects free will; rather, Scripture teaches that God is the only one who possesses free will. He says in Isaiah 46:10, "My purpose will stand, and I will do all that I please." ...this verse does not state that God is the only one who possess free will...nor does his next reference... On the other hand,man's will is always enslaved either to sin or to righteousness: "But thanks be to God that, though you used to be slaves to sin, you wholeheartedly obeyed the form of teaching to which you were entrusted. You have been set free from sin and have become slaves to righteousness" (Romans 6:17-18). Free will does not exist ? it is a concept assumed by many professing Christians without biblical warrant. ...otherwise all he has done is made assertions and evoked a circular fallacy, by imposing his "ultimate logical conclusion" of a concept or a verse or set of scriptures on all the rest of scriptures regardless of what they state....The imposed "ultimate logical conclusion" is true if and only if the verses you imposed that "ultimate logical conclusion" do in fact support that conclusion but by this time you have used the conclusion to define what they mean so did not demonstrate that as such you have simply reached a "ultimate logical conclusion" from verses that can support your position and then forced the meaning of any other verses to conform to your "ultimate logical conclusion" that presupposed everything else that followed.........................If God had not given us his word in the first place we wouldn?t "know" anything anyway to be able to reason or use logic to evaluate the methodology,.. The information cannot be logical evaluated itself first because the information is needed first to do the evaluation We can evaluate/ employ logic in the methodology we use for a determination in what is the information or how we interpret the information but the information must be received & or accepted first ............So how and why folk think they can go beyond scripture to ascertain anything that they have never experienced is contemptuous at best...... Rather then let scripture define the nature of God, men go to a lot of trouble of contemplating the nature of God and then use their contemplations of the nature of God (& or with favorite sets of scripture) to then define what scripture "really" means when it makes specific statements about God his work or his nature....example we use terms like omnipresent, Sovereign, omniscience, Omnipotence......(nothing wrong with the terms themselves, although we might be hard pressed to find some of them in scripture)...........But who is defining those terms?,........what do they mean and how do/can we know that?...well one might say that God is everywhere and all/ has unlimited power..... means He can do anything....that is certainly consistent with Websters & or any logical definition external of scripture for those terms and one could use those definitions to define or "interpret" what scripture states about God and that is a logical definition eternal of scripture .......but that is not how scripture defines the nature of God because God cannot do just anything!............ God cannot lie (Titus 1:2)....... I can lie ..I can do something God cannot...........therefore one could argue that God is not Omnipotence .........if we used just our definitions & or logic to define that term in relation to God then God cant?t be omniscience either for he states Hebrews 8:12..and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more...But God is supposed to know everything, you can debate what the measns all day long at the end of the day you either accept it as true or reject it because it is not "Logical"...or...... God is not in hell therefore he can?t be omnipresent...or ..... God is so Sovereign that anything He commands will happen then what ever he commands will happen but God commands all men everywhere to repent(Acts 17:30) but they don?t and in fact God also stated everyone would not do that.......The "real" philosophical question is that if He commands they all to repent but states everyone will not which one of his attributes gets compromised his Omnipotence for making the command or his Omniscience for knowing everyone would not.........is God therefore contradictory,...nonsense! The problem was with the "Ultimate logical conclusion/definitions" of those terms, not God!............Since the information must come first and God is the ultimate source for that information there is no logical deductive path that one can make for a nature of God where God can do anything, knows everything and O by the way, create evil without having really created it. The Bible teaches that the non-Christian is a sinner, and at the same time teaches that he lacks the ability to obey God. This means that man is morally responsible even if he lacks moral ability; that is, man must obey God even if he cannot obey God. It is sinful for a person to disobey God whether or not he has the ability to do otherwise. Thus moral responsibility is not grounded on moral ability or on free will; rather, moral responsibility 6 is grounded on God's sovereignty ? man must obey God's commands because God says that man must obey, and whether or not he has the ability to obey is irrelevant. In the first place, free will is logically impossible. If we picture the exercise of the will as a movement of the mind toward a certain direction, the question arises as to what moves the mind, and why it moves toward where it moves. To answer that the "self" moves the mind begs the question, since the mind is the self, and thus the same question remains. Does not Christ himself point out the Plalms "Ye are all gods"..is not man made in the image of God then why would anyone believe that God did not or rather cannot by virtue of his sovereignty not create free will external of his will..........John 8:44.He was a murder from the beginning....when he speaketh a lie, he specketh of his own for he is the father of it ....How is he the father of it if God Decrees it and or God did not give free will external of God?s own will?...........That is the whole point to being made in the image of God..?!....begs the question..only if you beilve that God did not create man in his image or a free will eternal of Gods own will...free will is logically impossible...He should have stated the opposite........It is not possible to exist or know that ones exist in the first place without a free will external of God?s own will and without God being the creator of all evil and even perpetuating it by God?s own decree!.......... God demonstrates (states) that he does and has acted without time and within time, he can limit Himself or He can chose not to.......the point being only God can define for man his nature. You cannot reason out Gods nature or logically evaluate it external of the claims God Himself makes........ certainly not in philosophy and philosophers...and you can only know his nature from what God (in scripture) tells you, not from what it does not state, and certainly not from any philosophical reasoning......where is the wise the disputer of the age?(1Chorinthians 1:20) ....This is the importance of using all the scriptures first and not reason among yourselves what a given set of scripture means and then force the "ultimate logical conclusion" on all the others...Logic & or Logical principles can only be used to evaluate methodology Logic cannot evaluate the substance of anything itself.........We can use logic to demonstrate the value of starting with what you have not with what you do not have ........If there is a question as to what scripture teaches on a subject start with the scriptures that actually mention the subject in question first not use others that can be interpreted in many ways depending on your theology and then use your interpretation to define scripture that make specific statements about the question at hand.... that is methodology ..............However to use Websters and or logic to reason out first the nature of omnipresent, Sovereign, omniscience nature of God and then use the "Ultimate logical conclusions" of your arguments to interpret scripture is to use logic to evaluate substance, which logic cannot do!..Because logically the information logically proceeds any evaluation of the information.....otherwise the evaluation cannot be demonstrated as a logically valid one. The census of Israel taken by David provides an example of evil decreed by God and performed through secondary agents:Again the anger of the LORD burned against Israel, and he incited David against them, saying, "Go and take a census of Israel and Judah." (2 Samuel 24:1) Satan rose up against Israel and incited David to take a census of Israel. (1 Chronicles 21:1) The two verses refer to the same incident. There is no contradiction if the view being presented here is true. God decreed that David would sin by taking the census, but he 10 caused Satan to perform the temptation as a secondary agent.3 there is no contradiction if free will exist of God?s own will..he is using this tho make a point but he does so just like a relativist might use missile trajectories or Pendulum as proof for HC....... this does not exclude free will if you take them at face value...?..Although, what he states could be true it is not exclusive....so what. .!?..If free will exist eternal of God?s will then who is to stop Bob and joe and sally sue from all provoking the same person at the same time?..This does not demonstrate anything except how he chooses to "read" it. However, since God calls himself good, and since God has defined goodness for us byrevealing his nature and commands, evil is thus defined as anything that is contrary to his nature and commands..............Since God is good, and since he is the only definition of goodness,it is also good that he decreed the existence of evil Since we derive our very concept and definition of goodness from God, to accuse him of evil would be like saying that good is evil, which is a contradiction. If God is all there is to creation of everything and as his argument attempts to assert there is no "real" evil ( just a human concept) in relationship to God..... since God decrees all/everything then how can a contradiction really exist?...How can you define anything as contray to his commands if the very thing you give that defintion to is his command...!?....This is utterly ridiculous nonsense!..... Show where God decreed the existence and sustains evil.... quite telling us that he could and must by virtue of the necessity of your reasoning of how to read scripture rather then what can be acutely read in scripture.... ....God does claims that a lie came from Satan?s own ( where ever did he get his own?...his own what?...... unless God is lying Satan does not have his own its really God?s or God gave Satan the ability for his own external of God..one makes god a liar the other simply takes it at face value) ...The real and only contradiction here is his.... If God decrees and determines all and If there is no free will external of God?s own will, then nothing can be contrary to his will since His will as Mr Cheung attempts to argue constitutes everything and all that is!..Maybe we should all debate what is "really" is ..worked for Clinton didn?t it....? He Goes to a lot of effort to address "free will" and even seems to lose sight of the whole evil in the world thing. In the end though, at least here, he makes the same logical and doctrinal error as I demonstrated before namely He reasons first to interpret scripture rather then using what scripture states to evaluate ones reasoning of scripture.........That is the error he is employing in his arguments on free will....Logic & or Logical principles can only be used to evaluate ones methodology. Logic cannot evaluate the substance of anything itself.....& or ..Logic can validate it cannot describe or create ( this is also the reason why the proof for God would/is/does not necessitate being preeminent or above God Himself) ....... ........ Put your faith in what Gods word tells you first... then use logic to evaluate the methodology in the reasoning you used in arriving at your conclusions,........Philosophize at your own risk.............Logic cannot create valid conclusions themselves, which is what you attempt when you evaluate first and on that basis accept the information that you are attempting to evaluate......When anyone "interprets" scripture based on how they argue logically external of the source document for the argument in question they are bound to eventual engage in the same circular fallacy......When scripture explains when and how God works throughout all of time you either accept it or you add your "ultimate logical conclusion" to it. When folk do that they inevitably get so caught up in the "ultimate logical conclusion" of a given argument they see in a given verse or set of verses that they then become blind to anything else the scripture states no mater how emphatically anything else states about the very questions that might affect that "ultimate logical conclusion" if they had proceed logically to begin with ...( Logical Methodology starts with the specific and moves to the nonspecific)....what his argument like all the others attempt is use non specific verses about what God can and or cannot do or has and has not done to define the very verses that do specifically specify what God stated he has and has not done...& or worse make claims about what God can or cannot do based on what scripture does not state via there "Reasoning".........The specific references in scripture take logical preference over vague arguments about scriptures where i could just as easily make any number of numerous arguments with if you asume that my conclusion of my argument is valid in the first place. .....Although you may logically make conclusions external of any & or all relevant scripture then use your conclusions to "read" scripture .....that is all that these arguments do.....There simply is no logical argument for the absence of free will, certainly no logical way to demonstrate that there is no such thing so that anyone could be "aware" of it, even if you could, since all is just decrees from God.....Nor is there any scripture that can logically lead anyone to that conclusion either without invoking circular fallacious first. j a <ja_777_aj@xxxxxxxxx> wrote: Allen, Have you read http://www.rmiweb.org/other/problemevil.pdf ? Seems appropriate, given the recent lengthy discussions on predestination and freewill. If you find the time, I would appreciate your take on this article. JA Allen Daves <allendaves@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: Martin and Bernie..............excellent very good!..Demonstrates that when they attempt to show arguments Pro God & morality as foolishness they invariably must invoke the very "foolishness" they claim to avoid as the foundation for their own arguments,... the only difference, of course, being in what they put their faith in and why, not whether or not they live by "faith" ......very good "Martin G. Selbrede" <mselbrede@xxxxxxxxxxxxx> wrote: And if you liked Cheung's "Professional Morons," you'd enjoy this debate between him and apostate Christian Derek Sansone here, which illustrates the principles Cheung enunciates in real-world action: http://www.rmiweb.org/other/sansone-cheung.htm -- Martin On Feb 7, 2007, at 3:04 PM, bernie brauer wrote: http://www.rmiweb.org/other/promorons.pdf by Vincent Cheung Professional Morons Last modified: 08-26-2005 / Download PDF Examples on how non-Christian philosophers are really no better than the most incompetent non-Christians in the substance of their arguments. --------------------------------- Everyone is raving about the all-new Yahoo! Mail beta. Martin G. Selbrede Chief Scientist Uni-Pixel Displays, Inc. 8708 Technology Forest Place, Suite 100 The Woodlands, TX 77381 281-825-4500 main line (281) 825-4507 direct line (281) 825-4599 fax (512) 422-4919 cell mselbrede@xxxxxxxxxxxxx / martin.selbrede@xxxxxxxxxxxx --------------------------------- Need Mail bonding? Go to the Yahoo! Mail Q&A for great tips from Yahoo! Answers users. --------------------------------- Want to start your own business? Learn how on Yahoo! Small Business.