[uupretirees] Partisanship, Covid and Afghanistan

  • From: Eric Russell <ericprussell@xxxxxxxxxxx>
  • To: Uupretirees <uupretirees@xxxxxxxxxxxxx>, Bill Scheuerman <bscheuerm@xxxxxxxxxxx>, "Simons, William" <William.Simons@xxxxxxxxxxx>
  • Date: Fri, 20 Aug 2021 12:57:50 +0000

What you believe determines how you act and how you treat others.  Eric

[On 
Politics]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/Kpkl83dgMeHe2THBrEA9QQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc2VjdGlvbi9wb2xpdGljcz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01NiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9jbl8yMDIxMDgxOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zODMzNSZubD1vbi1wb2xpdGljcyZyZWdpX2lkPTExOTEzNDU5MyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTY2NzI1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01MTlkZDZlNDc3YjYxZGIwMWI2YzA3NmQ3YzU3ZTc1NlcDbnl0QgphGqziHmGoNfzFUhZlcmljcHJ1c3NlbGxAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>

August 19, 2021

[Author 
Headshot]<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/l0kr6GsGhaezGB5q40oM-g~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0S9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvbWFnZ2llLWFzdG9yP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTU2JmVtYz1lZGl0X2NuXzIwMjEwODE5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTM4MzM1Jm5sPW9uLXBvbGl0aWNzJnJlZ2lfaWQ9MTE5MTM0NTkzJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NjY3MjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTUxOWRkNmU0NzdiNjFkYjAxYjZjMDc2ZDdjNTdlNzU2VwNueXRCCmEarOIeYag1_MVSFmVyaWNwcnVzc2VsbEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>

By Maggie 
Astor<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/l0kr6GsGhaezGB5q40oM-g~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0S9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvbWFnZ2llLWFzdG9yP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTU2JmVtYz1lZGl0X2NuXzIwMjEwODE5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTM4MzM1Jm5sPW9uLXBvbGl0aWNzJnJlZ2lfaWQ9MTE5MTM0NTkzJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NjY3MjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTUxOWRkNmU0NzdiNjFkYjAxYjZjMDc2ZDdjNTdlNzU2VwNueXRCCmEarOIeYag1_MVSFmVyaWNwcnVzc2VsbEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>

[https://ci5.googleusercontent.com/proxy/-SbQsCvHMOG1LEPM2VT-xpC0KnKayXqzYKolZdL8Su92Lmn-qhmZbpnpJAdCuA8xoKzLZB2zccTuGzJL4osBOvio7TXrOswVnUVrMODt18cKBoGgeJpdjGfBR5yrJPyp8nGgHKJzOgr7mbO0aHgBnejIwUU0eqyuN0Llg2sGfisuW4db5KpkybAaW5u8aZo8=s0-d-e1-ft#https://static01.nyt.com/images/2021/08/19/us/politics/19onpolitics-pm-newsletter/19onpolitics-pm-newsletter-articleLarge.jpg]
Cars lined up at a Covid-19 testing site in Auburndale, Fla., this 
month.Octavio Jones for The New York Times

There were no open I.C.U. beds on Wednesday in 
Alabama<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/XVZJFMBKRbaj1QMeVKcqqA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0TVaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wOC8xOS91cy9hbGFiYW1hLWljdS1zaG9ydGFnZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTU2JmVtYz1lZGl0X2NuXzIwMjEwODE5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTM4MzM1Jm5sPW9uLXBvbGl0aWNzJnJlZ2lfaWQ9MTE5MTM0NTkzJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NjY3MjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTUxOWRkNmU0NzdiNjFkYjAxYjZjMDc2ZDdjNTdlNzU2VwNueXRCCmEarOIeYag1_MVSFmVyaWNwcnVzc2VsbEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>,
 or in parts of Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas, as hospitals across 
the South buckled under the weight of a coronavirus surge that could have been 
mitigated. Cases, hospitalizations and deaths are 
increasing<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/8h16ZfF4kxWi04KgBhfb5Q~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0TSaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyMS91cy9jb3ZpZC1jYXNlcy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTU2JmVtYz1lZGl0X2NuXzIwMjEwODE5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTM4MzM1Jm5sPW9uLXBvbGl0aWNzJnJlZ2lfaWQ9MTE5MTM0NTkzJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NjY3MjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTUxOWRkNmU0NzdiNjFkYjAxYjZjMDc2ZDdjNTdlNzU2VwNueXRCCmEarOIeYag1_MVSFmVyaWNwcnVzc2VsbEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>
 nationwide. Every day, on average, more than 800 Americans are dying from 
Covid-19.

It is a humanitarian catastrophe, and yet many Americans see it through a 
political lens. The South has some of the nation’s lowest vaccination rates, 
driven partly by Republican reluctance. Some governors — including Gov. Greg 
Abbott of Texas, who is infected with the coronavirus 
himself<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/vgpcOurk9e6vLK_UH5kYTA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wOC8xOC91cy9hYmJvdHQtY292aWQtcG9zaXRpdmUuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01NiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9jbl8yMDIxMDgxOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zODMzNSZubD1vbi1wb2xpdGljcyZyZWdpX2lkPTExOTEzNDU5MyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTY2NzI1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01MTlkZDZlNDc3YjYxZGIwMWI2YzA3NmQ3YzU3ZTc1NlcDbnl0QgphGqziHmGoNfzFUhZlcmljcHJ1c3NlbGxAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>
 — have forbidden local officials to impose mask requirements. Gov. Ron 
DeSantis of Florida, who has not changed his 
approach<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/newsletter/a6jcYrFhf459aIegq2Vsfw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0TbaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wOC8wNi91cy9yb24tZGVzYW50aXMtZmxvcmlkYS1jb3ZpZC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTU2JmVtYz1lZGl0X2NuXzIwMjEwODE5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTM4MzM1Jm5sPW9uLXBvbGl0aWNzJnJlZ2lfaWQ9MTE5MTM0NTkzJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NjY3MjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTUxOWRkNmU0NzdiNjFkYjAxYjZjMDc2ZDdjNTdlNzU2VwNueXRCCmEarOIeYag1_MVSFmVyaWNwcnVzc2VsbEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>
 to follow public health guidelines, has claimed 
falsely<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/MRomwAZiMRafw__LHu5h2g~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP4QxAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2xpdmUvMjAyMC8yMDIwLWVsZWN0aW9uLW1pc2luZm9ybWF0aW9uLWRpc3RvcnRpb25zL25vLXRoZXJlLWlzLW5vLWV2aWRlbmNlLXRoYXQtbWlncmFudHMtYXJlLWRyaXZpbmctdGhlLXN1cmdlLWluLWNvcm9uYXZpcnVzLWNhc2VzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTU2JmVtYz1lZGl0X2NuXzIwMjEwODE5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTM4MzM1Jm5sPW9uLXBvbGl0aWNzJnJlZ2lfaWQ9MTE5MTM0NTkzJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NjY3MjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPTUxOWRkNmU0NzdiNjFkYjAxYjZjMDc2ZDdjNTdlNzU2VwNueXRCCmEarOIeYag1_MVSFmVyaWNwcnVzc2VsbEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~>
 that the surge is a result of President Biden’s border policies.

The divisions extend beyond policies to general attitudes about the pandemic: 
While nearly 60 percent of Americans overall said in a recent Quinnipiac 
poll<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/iekJVm5sjIS0xQgwByq-3g~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly9wb2xsLnF1LmVkdS9pbWFnZXMvcG9sbGluZy91cy91czA4MDUyMDIxX3VzY3U1Ny5wZGY_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfY25fMjAyMTA4MTkmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzgzMzUmbmw9b24tcG9saXRpY3MmcmVnaV9pZD0xMTkxMzQ1OTMmc2VnbWVudF9pZD02NjcyNSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NTE5ZGQ2ZTQ3N2I2MWRiMDFiNmMwNzZkN2M1N2U3NTZXA255dEIKYRqs4h5hqDX8xVIWZXJpY3BydXNzZWxsQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>
 that they were concerned about the Delta variant, more than 60 percent of 
Republicans said they weren’t. And research indicates that many people are 
looking at Covid policies they don’t like and blaming whichever party they’re 
not part of.

It’s enough to make one despair about the American public’s ability to deal in 
a nonpartisan manner with, well, anything.

But that may not quite be right.

I talked to several political scientists and pollsters about how the current 
Covid wave might affect public opinion and, more important, public behavior. 
Here’s what they said.

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The bad news: Partisanship is really hard to overcome.

Partisanship — more specifically negative partisanship, which is animosity 
toward the other party as opposed to, or in addition to, a positive allegiance 
to your own — is an extraordinarily powerful force in American politics. It has 
become only stronger in recent years as partisanship has become increasingly 
intertwined with religious and racial identities.

When people look at the pandemic or Afghanistan or any other issue, “you’re 
doing so through this lens of the identity you have and preserving a 
self-esteem about that identity,” said Julie 
Wronski<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/yAx0pZt7csj0CgRwroNfzQ~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0TBaHR0cHM6Ly9zaXRlcy5nb29nbGUuY29tL3NpdGUvanVsaWV3cm9uc2tpLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01NiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9jbl8yMDIxMDgxOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zODMzNSZubD1vbi1wb2xpdGljcyZyZWdpX2lkPTExOTEzNDU5MyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTY2NzI1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01MTlkZDZlNDc3YjYxZGIwMWI2YzA3NmQ3YzU3ZTc1NlcDbnl0QgphGqziHmGoNfzFUhZlcmljcHJ1c3NlbGxAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>,
 an associate professor at the University of Mississippi who studies political 
psychology and behavior. “You’re trying to think about the people who are on 
‘my team’: Are they good people? Are they winners? And the people on the other 
team are ‘bad people’ or ‘losers.’”

Some of what we’re seeing now in response to the pandemic was baked in very 
early on, as soon as elected officials — most prominently President Donald J. 
Trump — began to politicize basic public health measures, leading people to see 
support for masks or vaccines as partisan.

“That didn’t necessarily have to happen, but once it did, you’re not 
necessarily talking about the science,” Professor Wronski said. “It’s about who 
they are and who they consider themselves to be.”

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One group of researchers had an unusual opportunity to study how partisan 
identity shaped people’s views on Covid, because in 2019, they surveyed more 
than 3,300 people about their political predispositions for an unrelated 
project. Once the pandemic began, they went back to the same people, and about 
2,500 responded to follow-up questions.

They found, in research published in peer-reviewed journals in 
August<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/l4NdkEt7cfxkQw1nZ4Sr7g~~/AAAAAQA~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>
 and November 
2020<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/33NihEzGuvZOGTeZ4rD3Qw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0TIaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubmF0dXJlLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9zNDE1NjItMDIwLTAxMDEyLTU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTYmZW1jPWVkaXRfY25fMjAyMTA4MTkmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MzgzMzUmbmw9b24tcG9saXRpY3MmcmVnaV9pZD0xMTkxMzQ1OTMmc2VnbWVudF9pZD02NjcyNSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9NTE5ZGQ2ZTQ3N2I2MWRiMDFiNmMwNzZkN2M1N2U3NTZXA255dEIKYRqs4h5hqDX8xVIWZXJpY3BydXNzZWxsQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~>,
 that highly partisan Republicans took their initial cues from leaders like 
Trump and then stuck to them no matter what — even if Covid cases and deaths 
surged in their state, even if people around them got sick, said one of the 
five researchers, Yanna 
Krupnikov<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/7Or-zcg9lSsseBnsPkDOXw~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0S1aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cueWFubmFrcnVwbmlrb3YuY29tLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01NiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9jbl8yMDIxMDgxOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zODMzNSZubD1vbi1wb2xpdGljcyZyZWdpX2lkPTExOTEzNDU5MyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTY2NzI1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01MTlkZDZlNDc3YjYxZGIwMWI2YzA3NmQ3YzU3ZTc1NlcDbnl0QgphGqziHmGoNfzFUhZlcmljcHJ1c3NlbGxAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>,
 a professor of political science at Stony Brook University.

Another of the five, Samara 
Klar<https://nl.nytimes.com/f/a/qfWGBu2xlXwAf4Agzn7_GA~~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjAWesP0SsaHR0cDovL3NhbWFyYWtsYXIuY29tLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01NiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9jbl8yMDIxMDgxOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0zODMzNSZubD1vbi1wb2xpdGljcyZyZWdpX2lkPTExOTEzNDU5MyZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTY2NzI1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD01MTlkZDZlNDc3YjYxZGIwMWI2YzA3NmQ3YzU3ZTc1NlcDbnl0QgphGqziHmGoNfzFUhZlcmljcHJ1c3NlbGxAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA>,
 an associate professor at the University of Arizona’s School of Government and 
Public Policy, said the crucial element appeared to be not party affiliation 
alone, but active animosity toward the opposite side.

“We’re seeing the gap mostly among those people who personally dislike the 
other party, and that’s weird,” Professor Klar said. “It’s weird for your views 
on a public health crisis to be guided by your personal feelings toward members 
of the other party, but that is in fact what we’re finding.”

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The good news: Not everyone is rigidly partisan.

Most people aren’t the sort of intense partisans described above. The exact 
percentage varies depending on the questions you ask, but generally, Professor 
Krupnikov said, only 25 to 30 percent of people fall into the “hyperpolarized” 
category.

And as the pandemic hit closer to home, she said, less-partisan Republicans 
“actually started to look very much like Democrats” in their personal 
precautions and the Covid-related policies they supported.

In other words, Democrats tended to take the pandemic seriously from the start, 
but once case counts spiked in the home counties of Republicans who weren’t 
extremely partisan, they began to take it seriously, too.

This reaffirms a longstanding belief of political science, Professor Klar said: 
“When an issue becomes really threatening and really important to you, then 
partisanship weakens its grip on your decision making.”

It is, at least, a moderately reassuring thought.

“There’s often so much focus on people whose partisanship seems to surpass 
their care even for their own health, or care for others,” Professor Krupnikov 
said. “But I do think it’s important to highlight that there are, at least in 
our data, a lot of people for whom politics was in fact tremendously secondary 
to the health crisis happening around them.”

So what’s next?

What this means practically for the future of the pandemic is less clear, 
especially because we don’t have much reliable polling conducted since the 
Delta surge spun out of control.

The limited polling we do have shows that a majority of Americans are worried 
about the Delta variant and support the C.D.C. recommendation that people wear 
masks indoors regardless of their vaccination status — and that pattern holds 
across regions, including the South, said Mary Snow, a polling analyst at 
Quinnipiac University. But there are still deep partisan divides in that data.

President Biden’s approval rating also seems to have taken some damage, but 
that may not be because of the surge itself. Rather, it may be “because we were 
told that we were out of the woods at the beginning of the summer, and that 
hasn’t happened,” said Patrick Murray, the director of the Monmouth University 
Polling Institute. “And that’s a reflection of messaging as much as anything 
else: ‘Why did you tell us you had this under control when you didn’t?’”

Ultimately, especially in the face of such a contagious variant, it takes only 
a small minority of Americans to derail epidemiological progress — and the most 
partisan Republicans are taking their cues from leaders who have no political 
incentive to give different ones.

In a state like Mississippi, the governor has more to fear politically from a 
far-right primary challenger than from a Democrat in a general election, 
Professor Wronski noted.

And while even partisans’ opinions could change if people they were close to 
started dying, she said, it would be a psychologically difficult shift.

“For the past couple years, your identity has been built upon a certain 
perception of what you think Covid is, who you think the good guys are, your 
lack of trust in political elites,” she said. “And now, if you’re starting to 
see death at your doorstep, that’s a cognitive dissonance that you have to 
reconcile.

“How many deaths is it going to take? I don’t have that answer.”

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