-- info<- function(M) {str(M); rbind(head(M),tail(M))} VIX <- read.table('http://dailyspeculations.com/VIX.txt') VIXE<- VIX[!VIX$Year%%4,] info(VIX); info(VIXE) round(matrix(with(VIX ,by(Chg,Month,mean))),2) #All years round(matrix(with(VIXE,by(Chg,Month,mean))),2) #Election only R.version.string > VIX <- read.table('http://dailyspeculations.com/VIX.txt') > VIXE<- VIX[!VIX$Year%%4,] > info(VIX); info(VIXE) `data.frame': 176 obs. of 4 variables: $ Year : int 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990 ... $ Month: int 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ... $ VIX : num 22.0 19.7 19.5 17.4 15.5 ... $ Chg : num -3.37 -2.26 -0.21 -2.15 -1.87 5.61 8.79 -0.79 0.93 -7.88 ... Year Month VIX Chg 2/28/1990 1990 2 21.99 -3.37 3/30/1990 1990 3 19.73 -2.26 4/30/1990 1990 4 19.52 -0.21 5/31/1990 1990 5 17.37 -2.15 6/29/1990 1990 6 15.50 -1.87 7/31/1990 1990 7 21.11 5.61 4/30/2004 2004 4 17.19 0.45 5/31/2004 2004 5 15.50 -1.69 6/30/2004 2004 6 14.34 -1.16 7/30/2004 2004 7 15.32 0.98 8/31/2004 2004 8 15.29 -0.03 9/30/2004 2004 9 13.34 -1.95 `data.frame': 45 obs. of 4 variables: $ Year : int 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992 ... $ Month: int 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ... $ VIX : num 17.4 16.7 16.2 15.5 13.9 ... $ Chg : num -1.91 -0.72 -0.5 -0.65 -1.67 -0.51 -0.18 0.41 0.7 1.87 ... Year Month VIX Chg 1/31/1992 1992 1 17.40 -1.91 2/28/1992 1992 2 16.68 -0.72 3/31/1992 1992 3 16.18 -0.50 4/30/1992 1992 4 15.53 -0.65 5/29/1992 1992 5 13.86 -1.67 6/30/1992 1992 6 13.35 -0.51 4/30/2004 2004 4 17.19 0.45 5/31/2004 2004 5 15.50 -1.69 6/30/2004 2004 6 14.34 -1.16 7/30/2004 2004 7 15.32 0.98 8/31/2004 2004 8 15.29 -0.03 9/30/2004 2004 9 13.34 -1.95 > round(matrix(with(VIX ,by(Chg,Month,mean))),2) #All years [,1] [1,] -1.21 [2,] 0.41 [3,] 0.13 [4,] -1.22 [5,] -1.04 [6,] -0.66 [7,] 1.70 [8,] 1.78 [9,] 1.44 [10,] -0.78 [11,] -1.47 [12,] -0.11 > round(matrix(with(VIXE,by(Chg,Month,mean))),2) #Election only [,1] [1,] -0.82 [2,] 0.03 [3,] 1.07 [4,] -0.29 [5,] -1.42 [6,] -2.04 [7,] 1.95 [8,] -1.49 [9,] 0.60 [10,] 2.03 [11,] 0.64 [12,] 0.18 > R.version.string [1] "R version 2.0.0, 2004-10-04" >