Chris's quotation continues like this: "(...) By the same token, the
transmission process can be subverted: new meanings can arise at the
disjunctions, and the transmission process can be subverted: either
unconsciously, or by conscious linguistic engineering. The semogenic
potential of code variation is located mainly at this higher level of the
social semiotic." The "..." is a reference to Hasan's work at Macquarie
University, where she provided the first really large scale empirical
support for the existence of Bernstein's codes
Every Korean child has to learn a system of lexicogrammatical honorifics in
order to participate in schooling (and also to speak to his or her own
grandparents). This is the linguistic realization of a very old form of
code that goes back to the slave system and the feudal hierarchy, where
(and whereby) literacy was restricted to the very highest castes of Korean
society.
In the fifteenth century, in an act of conscious linguistic engineering,
the old system of literacy based on Chinese characters was replaced with a
new system based on Korean phonology. At the same time--unconsciously, but
surely not by accident--the highest and lowest forms of address began to
disappear, and a modern form of address began to take its place. One of the
key features of this form of address was--and still is--reversibility: what
you hear from your interlocutor is what you can say to them in return.
The president of my (former) university here in Seoul has just been
nominated to be the new Minister of Education. The leaders of the student
union here, upon being addressed by the nominee with the plain,
non-honorific code, gleefully returned the favor, and the nominee was
distinctly unamused. The video is now being distributed to the press, and
will likely doom his ambitions.
dk
2022년 5월 2일 (월) 오전 7:32, Dr ChRIS CLÉiRIGh <c.cleirigh@xxxxxxxxx>님이 작성:
Dear Colleagues,
The following quote — from *On Language in Relation to the Evolution of
Human Consciousness *— might be helpful to anyone unsure of how
Bernstein's notion of 'code' relates to the architecture of SFL Theory.
Halliday (2003 [1995] 416-7):
"Code" is being used here in Bernstein's sense; it has nothing to do with
the thoroughly misleading notion of language itself being a code. Code
variation [like diatypic or register variation] also increases the
meaning potential, although in a significantly different way. Code
variation is semantic: it is variation in the meanings that are typically
associated with, or "realise", specific situation types in the culture —
here, the stratal relationship is that of language itself as realisation of
a higher-level semiotic. Through this kind of variation the system organises
itself to favour just those meanings that are selected for by the relevant
sub-culture (of class, caste, clan, generation, gender or whatever); hence
it is the code selection that transmits the culture, and cultural
variation, across the generations. This then turns out to be the semiotic
mechanism whereby social hierarchies of all kinds are maintained and
perpetuated.
--
dr chris cléirigh
*Every language is a world. *
*Without translation, *
*we would inhabit parishes bordering on silence.*
— George Steiner
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