The easy answer is "that's why we use planes". In the absence of planes the distribution of power becomes an issue. Answering you question requires consideration of edge speeds, distances, shape of copper structures, type of signalling (single ended / differential), EMI and ESD emissions and immunity, and circuit configuration, just to start. If you are building a low volume product then the additional engineering required to dispense with extra layers may not be economic. If you are building a high volume product then I suggest you pay an engineer to review your design. Regards Jon Keeble ----- Original Message ----- From: Mohamad Haghtalab To: si-list@xxxxxxxxxxxxx Sent: Monday, August 04, 2008 7:50 AM Subject: [SI-LIST] 2 layers PCB with no Plane(gnd or Power) Hi all How can we analyse(simulate) PCBs (transmission line effect ,calculatig Z0(SI/EMI issues)...) with 2 routing layers and between them(signal tracks)ground Islands(cupper fills...),what's the ground associate with each signal track,how can we predict where the return current of each signal will flow? Thanks for helping ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.net List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu -------------------------------Safe Stamp----------------------------------- Your Anti-virus Service scanned this email. It is safe from known viruses. For more information regarding this service, please contact your service provider. ------------------------------------------------------------------ To unsubscribe from si-list: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'unsubscribe' in the Subject field or to administer your membership from a web page, go to: //www.freelists.org/webpage/si-list For help: si-list-request@xxxxxxxxxxxxx with 'help' in the Subject field List technical documents are available at: http://www.si-list.net List archives are viewable at: //www.freelists.org/archives/si-list or at our remote archives: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/si-list/messages Old (prior to June 6, 2001) list archives are viewable at: http://www.qsl.net/wb6tpu