Here are the answers Scootie gave to the questions: 1. To tell a black at birth, you can look at their pads and they will be almost polished black or a very, very, very dark grey. However, the ultimate test is to look, under good lighting, at the hair around the rectum. There will be only black hairs, even two brown hairs is enough to tell that this puppy will not be a black. 2. If the puppy is born black and then acquires the brown hairs on restricted areas that we were discussing earlier, between the toes, under the tail, etc. they are still a genetic black. In all her years she has only seen two dogs for sure that never developed any tan hairs. One was Chuck Kruger's Ch Schaferhaus Zorii Dr. Zee (Chuck, I hoped I spelled it right, it's coming from my foggy ol' memory, didn't take the time to try to look it up :) ) and her wonderful, (my words, not Scoot's) Ch Caralon's Phantom v.d. Lockenheim. there is currently a bitch of Scootie's breeding, owned by someone else, that may also not have any tan, however Scootie hasn't examined her lately. Even the wonderful Ch Caralon's Icon v.d. Lockenheim had some tan hairs between his toes and sprinkled around his pasterns and under his tail as he got a bit older. Her thoughts on why some of these "genetic" blacks will grow tan hairs and not others is that the trait to tan is based on how far back in the pedigree you have to reach to find the black dog. With Bernd having a black mother, this explains some blacks popping up where otherwise might not be expected such their own Jedi dog, where the black dog was no closer than the 4th generation. 3. As to the possibility that black faced bi-colours might carry the black gene. Her only thoughts are that this might somehow be related to the fact that a very dark bi-colour may come about from a) combined breeding of "real" bi-colour dogs or b) a heavy concentration on black/black factored dogs. She thinks a good test case will be her Seger dog and my Santana dog when we breed them. (no, FB, NOT to each other!). Santana, though he has slightly more tan on the legs than Seger, has less, almost no tan on the face than Seger. We know their mother carries the black recessive, we don't know that "Scoop," their sire does, but we will be watching upcoming litters with anticipation. There is one solid black bitch on Santana's list, we are only waiting for her hip and elbow clearances and that will tell us for sure what he carries. Chuck may be able to weigh in here with some additional information. Scootie thought the discussion could prove interesting and I can always call her with more questions. Betty Johnson Tintagel www.Tintagelgsckcs.com ============================================================================ POST is Copyrighted 2005. All material remains the property of the original author and of GSD Communication, Inc. NO REPRODUCTIONS or FORWARDS of any kind are permitted without prior permission of the original author AND of the Showgsd-l Management. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ALL PERSONS ARE ON NOTICE THAT THE FORWARDING, REPRODUCTION OR USE IN ANY MANNER OF ANY MATERIAL WHICH APPEARS ON SHOWGSD-L WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PERMISSION OF ALL PARTIES TO THE POST AND THE LIST MANAGEMENT IS EXPRESSLY FORBIDDEN, AND IS A VIOLATION OF LAW. VIOLATORS OF THIS PROHIBITION WILL BE PROSECUTED. For assistance, please contact the List Management at admin@xxxxxxxxxxxx VISIT OUR WEBSITE - http://www.showgsd.org ============================================================================