Hi, just reposting this, as I appear to have dropped off the list. I've never had to use this technique before, strangely enough, but have a very simple question. In the examples I've read, int constants are being used to identify the exceptions to be thrown. Is there any reason why I can't use an enumeration so that I never get any accidental confusions? Best wishes. Tim Burgess Raised Bar Ltd Phone: +44 (0)1827 719822 Don't forget to vote for improved access to music and music technology at http://www.raisedbar.net/petition.htm