[net-gold] MEDICAL DISEASES INFLUENZA : MEDICAL: RESEARCH: Mexican Flu Pandemic Study Supports Social Distancing
- From: "David P. Dillard" <jwne@xxxxxxxxxx>
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- Date: Sun, 21 Aug 2011 03:42:23 -0400 (EDT)
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MEDICAL DISEASES INFLUENZA :
MEDICAL: RESEARCH:
Mexican Flu Pandemic Study Supports Social Distancing
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Date: Tue, 24 May 2011 17:17:59 -0400
From: "NIH OLIB (NIH/OD)" <olib@xxxxxxxxxx>
To: NIHPRESS@xxxxxxxxxxxx
Subject: Mexican Flu Pandemic Study Supports Social Distancing
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NIH News
John E. Fogarty International Center for
Advanced Study in the Health Sciences (FIC)
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http://www.fic.nih.gov/
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Embargoed for Release: Tuesday, May 24, 2011, 5 p.m. EDT
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CONTACT: Ann Puderbaugh, 301-496-2075, <e-mail:puderba@xxxxxxxxxxxx>
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MEXICAN FLU PANDEMIC STUDY SUPPORTS SOCIAL DISTANCING
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Fogarty research published in PLoS Medicine
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Eighteen-day periods of mandatory school closures and other social
distancing measures were associated with a 29 to 37 percent reduction in
influenza transmission rates in Mexico during the 2009 pandemic. The
research was carried out by scientists at the Fogarty International Center
at the National Institutes of Health and published in PLoS Medicine.
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The social distancing measures implemented by the Mexican health
authorities in spring 2009 were effective in reducing disease transmission
by more than one-third, the study found. Social distancing interventions
can be implemented during unusual infectious diseases outbreaks and
include school closing, closure of movie theaters and restaurants, and the
cancellation of large public gatherings. Mexico implemented a nationwide
mandatory school closure policy during an 18-day period in late April and
early May 2011. The United States implemented school closure interventions
on a local basis during the 2009 pandemic, but the impact of these
interventions has yet to be evaluated.
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The study was led by Gerardo Chowell, Ph.D., a Fogarty investigator and
faculty member at Arizona State University, Tempe. His team provides the
first comprehensive epidemiological description of the age, geographical
and severity patterns of the 2009 pandemic in Mexico.
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The authors applied mathematical modeling to influenza surveillance data
compiled by a large private health system, the Mexican Institute for
Social Security, which covers 40 percent of the population.
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A three-wave pandemic profile was identified throughout Mexico. The
initial wave occurred in spring 2009 in the Mexico City area. A second
wave was noted in summer 2009 in the southeastern region. Finally, a third
wave occurred in fall 2009. The onset of the third pandemic wave in fall
2009 occurred within two to five weeks of the beginning of the fall school
term, coinciding with increased disease incidence among school-age
children.
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The hardest hit were the very young, not the elderly who are typically at
high risk with influenza. There were a few cases reported among seniors
during the pandemic period, but the most severe influenza-related
infections were seen in those 5 to 14 years old, as well as in infants.
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Overall, the researchers' findings highlight variation in pandemic
influenza incidence and severity among age groups, and reveal the
importance of school cycles on the transmission dynamics of this disease.
The importance of school -- children for pandemic influenza transmission
is based on the findings that school closure effectively reduced influenza
transmission in spring 2009 in Mexico, together with a large increase in
influenza cases among school children coinciding with schools reopening.
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The study suggests that school closure and other measures could be useful
to mitigate future influenza pandemics.
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"We believe this study has implications for improving preparedness plans
in future pandemics," said Chowell. Noting that, in a previous influenza
pandemic in the 19th century, the majority of deaths occurred two years
after the initial wave, he emphasized that "we must remain vigilant and
continue to monitor the circulation and health burden of the pandemic
A/H1N1 and co-circulating influenza viruses in the coming years."
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Fogarty International Center
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Fogarty, the international component of the NIH, addresses global health
challenges through innovative and collaborative research and training
programs and supports and advances the NIH mission through international
partnerships. For more information, visit:
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http://www.fic.nih.gov
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About the National Institutes of Health (NIH): NIH, the nation's medical
research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of
the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary
federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and
translational medical research, and is investigating the causes,
treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more
information about NIH and its programs, visit
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http://www.nih.gov
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##
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This NIH News Release is available online at:
http://www.nih.gov/news/health/may2011/fic-24.htm
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Sincerely,
David Dillard
Temple University
(215) 204 - 4584
jwne@xxxxxxxxxx
http://daviddillard.businesscard2.com
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