[nasional_list] [ppiindia] Makkah Tunnel Filling Expected to Protect Sources of Zamzam

From: "Ambon" <sea@xxxxxxxxxx>
To: <"Undisclosed-Recipient:;"@freelists.org>
Date: Sun, 26 Feb 2006 00:16:15 +0100
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**http://www.arabnews.com/?page=1&section=0&article=78358&d=25&m=2&y=2006

            Saturday, 25, February, 2006 (26, Muharram, 1427)



                  Makkah Tunnel Filling Expected to Protect Sources of Zamzam
                  P.K. Abdul Ghafour, Arab News 


                    
                  JEDDAH, 25 February 2006 - Two rainwater drainage tunnels in 
Makkah will be fortified by filling them with gravel in order to prevent their 
collapse. The project is estimated to cost between SR300 and SR400 million.

                  The tunnels were built about two decades ago. "The main 
objective of the project is to stabilize the earth around the tunnels as a 
possible collapse would endanger structures above them," the project's 
supervisor Samer Al-Shouman told Arab News. 

                  The project aims at improving water quality in the area and 
protecting Zamzam water. The Saudi Binladin Group will implement the project in 
April under the supervision of Saudi Geological Survey (SGS).

                  "This is the first such project in the world," said Muhammad 
Tawfiq, president of SGS, while talking to reporters after inspecting 
arrangements to carry out the project, which was ordered by Custodian of the 
Two Holy Mosques King Abdullah.

                  "The new project will not change the hydrological features of 
the area and will not affect the quantity or quality of the water around the 
tunnels," he said.

                  The first tunnel with a length of 1,850 meters and depth of 
30 to 35 meters begins from the Hajoun car park and ends near the Grand 
Mosque's eastern courtyard. 

                  The second tunnel has a length of 1,300 meters and depth of 
35 to 45 meters and starts from the Maabda traffic tunnel and ends at the 
Hajoun bridge. 

                  "The two tunnels had a negative effect on the hydrogeology 
regime in the area. They also had an adverse effect on the Zamzam water level," 
said Al-Shouman, adding that the new project is designed to protect the Zamzam 
water in terms of quality and quantity.

                  A pre-run of the project was done at the Saudi Binladin 
Group's industrial complex in Jeddah to make sure that it could be implemented 
properly and quickly.

                  Al-Shouman said a special vehicle has been designed to fill 
the tunnels. "It's like a moon craft and was developed using space technology 
and the work can be accomplished using remote control technology," the project 
supervisor said. 

                  The tunnels were constructed 20 years ago without conducting 
detailed studies on their effect on the hydrogeology of the area. The 
government has installed new drainage networks, rendering the old tunnels 
redundant.

                  The Zamzam Studies and Research Center at SGS works to ensure 
secure supply of the holy water, said Al-Shouman, who is the director of the 
center.

                  The center has set up a series of investigative projects to 
define, quantify and monitor the water source and provide the information 
needed to manage and sustain supplies in the face of increasing demand.

                  The Zamzam Well is 30.5 meter deep and has a diameter ranging 
from 1.08 to 2.66 meters. The well lies within Wadi Ibrahim, which runs through 
Makkah. 
                 
           
     


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[nasional_list] [ppiindia] Makkah Tunnel Filling Expected to Protect Sources of Zamzam

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